Table 3.
UNADJUSTED OR (95% CI) FOR CHANGE IN CYTOKINE LEVEL BY 0.5 SD BY HISTOLOGIC OUTCOME
|
Definite NASH (vs. Not/Borderline) |
Any Fibrosis (stage 1‐4) |
Significant Fibrosis (stage 3‐4) |
Steatosis (>33%) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Adiponectin (μg/mL) | 0.99 | 0.86‐1.14 | 0.91 | 0.80‐1.04 | 1.01 | 0.84‐1.21 | 0.95 | 0.82‐1.09 |
| aPAI1 (ng/mL) | 1.18a | 1.01‐1.38 | 1.09 | 0.93‐1.28 | 1.15 | 0.99‐1.35 | 1.13 | 0.95‐1.35 |
| FGF‐2 (pg/mL) | 1.05 | 0.92‐1.20 | 0.92 | 0.80‐1.06 | 1.05 | 0.91‐1.22 | 0.97 | 0.85‐1.10 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/mL) | 0.97 | 0.84‐1.12 | 1.03 | 0.89‐1.19 | 1.09 | 0.94‐1.27 | 0.92 | 0.80‐1.05 |
| Haptoglobin (mg/mL) | 0.98 | 0.82‐1.18 | 0.95 | 0.83‐1.10 | 0.98 | 0.82‐1.18 | 0.92 | 0.80‐1.06 |
| IFN‐γ (pg/mL) | 1.03 | 0.90‐1.18 | 0.99 | 0.86‐1.13 | 0.86 | 0.57‐1.29 | 0.94 | 0.82‐1.07 |
| IGF‐II (mg/mL) | 1.05 | 0.92‐1.21 | 0.98 | 0.85‐1.12 | 0.90 | 0.73‐1.09 | 1.18a | 1.00‐1.38 |
| IL‐1b (pg/mL) | 1.02 | 0.88‐1.18 | 0.96 | 0.83‐1.11 | 0.87 | 0.65‐1.17 | 0.90 | 0.77‐1.04 |
| IL‐2 (pg/mL) | 1.03 | 0.90‐1.17 | 0.90 | 0.76‐1.05 | 0.77 | 0.44‐1.35 | 0.93 | 0.81‐1.07 |
| IL‐4 (pg/mL) | 1.01 | 0.88‐1.16 | 1.02 | 0.88‐1.18 | 0.89 | 0.70‐1.15 | 0.98 | 0.85‐1.13 |
| IL‐5 (pg/mL) | 1.04 | 0.91‐1.19 | 0.98 | 0.86‐1.12 | 0.92 | 0.69‐1.22 | 1.03 | 0.87‐1.20 |
| IL‐6 (pg/mL) | 0.97 | 0.81‐1.16 | 0.89 | 0.69‐1.15 | 0.98 | 0.78‐1.23 | 1.05 | 0.84‐1.31 |
| IL‐7 (pg/mL) | 0.96 | 0.82‐1.12 | 0.89 | 0.77‐1.03 | 0.77 | 0.55‐1.09 | 0.98 | 0.85‐1.12 |
| IL‐8 (pg/mL) | 1.11 | 0.97‐1.27 | 1.13 | 0.97‐1.33 | 1.20a | 1.03‐1.39 | 1.12 | 0.95‐1.32 |
| IL‐10 (pg/mL) | 0.98 | 0.83‐1.15 | 0.93 | 0.79‐1.09 | 1.01 | 0.86‐1.19 | 1.06 | 0.83‐1.35 |
| MCP‐1 (pg/mL) | 0.99 | 0.87‐1.14 | 1.01 | 0.88‐1.16 | 1.13 | 0.97‐1.32 | 1.03 | 0.89‐1.19 |
| MMP‐9 (ng/mL) | 0.99 | 0.86‐1.14 | 1.13 | 0.96‐1.32 | 0.98 | 0.82‐1.18 | 0.88 | 0.77‐1.01 |
| Resistin (ng/mL) | 1.00 | 0.87‐1.15 | 1.08 | 0.93‐1.25 | 1.16 | 0.99‐1.36 | 1.08 | 0.93‐1.26 |
| sFasL (pg/mL) | 0.94 | 0.81‐1.09 | 1.02 | 0.88‐1.17 | 0.98 | 0.81‐1.18 | 1.14 | 0.96‐1.36 |
| sIL‐1RI (pg/mL) | 1.11 | 0.97‐1.27 | 1.00 | 0.87‐1.14 | 1.05 | 0.89‐1.24 | 1.11 | 0.93‐1.32 |
| sIL‐2Rα (ng/mL) | 0.99 | 0.86‐1.14 | 1.13 | 0.97‐1.31 | 1.39b | 1.18‐1.64 | 0.98 | 0.85‐1.12 |
| sIL‐6R (ng/mL) | 0.97 | 0.85‐1.12 | 0.99 | 0.86‐1.13 | 1.20 | 0.99‐1.44 | 1.00 | 0.86‐1.15 |
| TGF‐β1 (ng/mL) | 0.94 | 0.81‐1.10 | 1.05 | 0.91‐1.21 | 0.89 | 0.70‐1.12 | 1.00 | 0.87‐1.16 |
| TGF‐β2 (pg/mL) | 0.90 | 0.75‐1.08 | 1.04 | 0.89‐1.22 | 0.96 | 0.77‐1.18 | 0.99 | 0.85‐1.14 |
| TNF‐α (pg/mL) | 1.18 | 0.97‐1.44 | 1.10 | 0.89‐1.326 | 0.87 | 0.62‐1.23 | 1.06 | 0.88‐1.29 |
| tPAI1 (ng/mL) | 1.17a | 1.02‐1.34 | 1.07 | 0.92‐1.23 | 1.09 | 0.92‐1.29 | 1.08 | 0.93‐1.25 |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 1.11 | 0.97‐1.27 | 1.04 | 0.89‐1.20 | 1.02 | 0.86‐1.21 | 1.01 | 0.87‐1.16 |
a
P ≤ 0.05 before correction for multiple comparisons.
b
P ≤ 0.05 before correction and significance retained with Benjamini‐Hochberg correction.
Abbreviations: FGF2, fibroblast growth factor 2; IFN‐γ, interferon gamma; MCP‐1, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1; sFasL, soluble Fas ligand.