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. 2017 Nov 9;8:1390. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01565-6

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — The effect of NucA modification on the distribution of the conjugated PTX-Rh. a The distribution of the conjugated PTX-Rh in tumor and major viscera (heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney) at organ level 2 h and 4 h after intravenous injection of NucA-PTX-Rh or CRO-PTX-Rh visualized by biophotonic imaging. b Percentage of injected dose in tumor and major viscera 2 h and 4 h after intravenous injection of NucA-PTX-Rh or CRO-PTX-Rh evaluated by measuring the fluorescent intensity of rhodamine. The data were presented as the means ± standard deviation. n = 6, NS: not significant, *P < 0.05. c The representative fluorescent micrographs of the distribution of the conjugated PTX-Rh in tumor at tissue level 4 h after intravenous injection of NucA-PTX-Rh or CRO-PTX-Rh examined by confocal microscopy. NucA-PTX-Rh and CRO-PTX-Rh were indicated by rhodamine (red). Immunofluorescence staining was performed by Alexa488-labeled anti-nucleolin antibody (green). Merged images with DAPI staining show co-localization of the conjugates with nucleolin positive cells. H&E staining images were from the same cryosections. Scale bars, 80 μm. d The Pearson’s coefficient analysis for the distribution of the conjugated PTX-Rh (red) with nucleolin-expressing tumor cells (green). e Representative fluorescent micrographs of the distribution of the conjugated PTX-Rh in kidney and liver at tissue level 4 h after intravenous injection of NucA-PTX-Rh or CRO-PTX-Rh examined by confocal microscopy. NucA-PTX-Rh and CRO-PTX-Rh were indicated by rhodamine (red). Merged images with DAPI staining show rhodamine positive cells. H&E staining images were from the same cryosections. Scale bars, 80 μm. f The percentage of rhodamine positive cells per microscopic view. Note: CRO-PTX-Rh, the xenografted mice treated with CRO-PTX-Rh. NucA-PTX-Rh, the xenografted mice treated with NucA-PTX-Rh. The data were presented as the means ± standard deviation. n = 4, *P < 0.05 vs. CRO-PTX-Rh group