. 2017 Oct 18;14:450–464. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.10.014

Table 1.

Main oxidation products of the principal amino acid residues undergoing HO^• attack [180].

Amino acid residue	3-letter abbreviation	Products of oxidation by HO^•
Cysteine	Cys	Cysteic acid
Cysteine	Cys	Cystine
Methionine	Met	Methionine sulfoxide
Methionine	Met	Methionine sulfone
Arginine	Arg	5-hydroxy-2-amino valeric acid
Histidine	His	2-oxohistidine
Lysine	Lys	3,4 or 5-hydroxylysine
Phenylalanine	Phe	2-hydroxyphenylalanine
Tryptophan	Trp	N'-Formylkynurenine
Tryptophan	Trp	Kynurenine
Tyrosine	Tyr	Dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)
Tyrosine	Tyr	Dityrosine

Several studies have reported the damages undergone by the Aβ peptide during the copper-mediated oxidation. The amino acid residues damaged are summarized in Fig. 6 and further described in the following paragraphs.