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. 2017 Oct 5;8(10):e3073. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2017.464

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

Cell Death and Disease is an open-access journal published by Nature Publishing Group. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Brief summarization of the vesicle nucleation step of mammalian core autophagy machinery and its regulation by lncRNAs. Vesicle nucleation is predominantly modulated by class III PI3K complex, which comprises Vps34, Vps15, Beclin 1 and ATG14/ATG14L. During the process of PI3K complex formation and function, BCL-2 and Rubicon act as two negative regulators. lncRNA GAS5, PCGEM1 and Linc-ROR regulate PI3K complex, among which, Beclin 1 itself is positively regulated by lncRNA PCGEM1, MALAT1, H19 and loc146880, whereas negatively regulated by GAS5, Linc-ROR and H19. Moreover, lncRNA PTENP1 can repress autophagy via increasing BCL-2 expression