Table 1.
Latencies and amplitudes for each treatment condition and electrode configuration.
| Outcomea | Electrode configurationb | Cervical nVNS |
Auricular vagal stimulation |
SCM muscle stimulation |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 V |
9 V |
12 V |
15 V |
18 V |
≈8 mA |
9 V |
|||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| P1 latency (ms) | M1/2-Cz | 2.47 | 0.33 | 2.09 | 0.84 | 1.80 | 0.52 | 1.76 | 0.54 | 1.58 | 0.48 | 2.18 | 0.84 | – | – |
| C3/4-F3/4 | 2.55 | 0.30 | 1.95 | 0.52 | 2.03 | 0.66 | 2.10 | 0.83 | 1.73 | 0.67 | 1.78 | 1.08 | – | – | |
| N1 latency (ms) | M1/2-Cz | 5.68 | 1.69 | 5.10 | 0.98 | 5.19 | 0.68 | 5.25 | 0.41 | 4.86 | 0.95 | 3.79 | 0.78 | – | – |
| C3/4-F3/4 | 5.91 | 1.75 | 4.68 | 1.09 | 5.33 | 0.81 | 5.06 | 0.52 | 5.14 | 0.89 | 2.74 | 1.57 | – | – | |
| P1-N1 amplitude (μV) | M1/2-Cz | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.64 | 0.48 | 1.18 | 1.04 | 1.26 | 1.22 | 1.87 | 1.25 | 4.31 | 4.79 | – | – |
| C3/4-F3/4 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.28 | 0.21 | 0.31 | 0.27 | 0.47 | 0.28 | 0.41 | 0.47 | – | – | |
| P2 latency (ms) | M1/2-Cz | – | – | 10.13 | 3.36 | 9.97 | 3.60 | 9.75 | 2.28 | 13.75 | 2.88 | – | – | 10.96 | 3.08 |
| C3/4-F3/4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 8.19 | 0.58 | 11.68 | 3.91 | – | – | 11.59 | 3.07 | |
| N2 latency (ms) | M1/2-Cz | – | – | 19.44 | 0.80 | 20.19 | 3.64 | 19.65 | 3.54 | 24.43 | 3.20 | – | – | 20.36 | 3.37 |
| C3/4-F3/4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 21.17 | 5.58 | 22.09 | 3.73 | – | – | 21.15 | 3.29 | |
| P2-N2 amplitude (μV) | M1/2-Cz | – | – | 0.81 | 0.03 | 0.70 | 0.44 | 1.15 | 0.79 | 1.49 | 1.52 | – | – | 14.88 | 11.16 |
| C3/4-F3/4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.54 | 0.29 | 0.68 | 0.69 | – | – | 8.35 | 5.26 | |
nVNS: non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation; SCM: sternocleidomastoid; SD: standard deviation.
Missing values (–) represent the absence of a measurable response.
a
P1 and N1 refer to peaks appearing up to 10 ms; P2 and N2 refer to peaks appearing after 10 ms.
b
Latencies and amplitudes are averages of the right and left stimulations.