Table 4.
Multivariate associations between demographic and visit-level factors and visiting multiple EDs by patients with two or more ED visits
| Variable | Odds of Visiting Multiple Unique EDs (95% CI) |
|---|---|
| Demographics | |
| Age, years | .099 (0.99, 0.99) |
| Years of Enrollment | 1.03 (1.03, 1.03) |
| Total Number of ED Visits | 1.42 (1.42, 1.42) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 1.00 (ref) |
| Female | 1.00 (0.99, 1.00) |
| US Census Region | |
| Northeast | 1.00 (ref) |
| West | 0.99 (0.99, 1.00) |
| Midwest | 0.96 (0.96, 0.97) |
| South | 1.22 (1.21, 1.22) |
| Major Diagnostic Category | |
| Nervous system | 0.83 (0.82, 0.83) |
| Eye | 0.94 (0.92, 0.95) |
| Ear, nose, mouth, throat | 0.72 (0.72, 0.73) |
| Respiratory system | 0.70 (0.70, 0.71) |
| Circulatory system | 0.80 (0.79, 0.80) |
| Digestive system | 0.75 (0.75, 0.76) |
| Liver, GB, and pancreas | 0.76 (0.75, 0.78) |
| Musculoskeletal | 0.85 (0.84, 0.85) |
| Skin and soft tissue | 0.72 (0.72, 0.73) |
| Endocrine and metabolic | 0.76 (0.75, 0.77) |
| Kidney and urinary tract | 0.73 (0.73, 0.74) |
| Male reproductive system | 0.84 (0.81, 0.87) |
| Female reproductive system | 0.93 (0.92, 0.94) |
| Pregnancy and childbirth | 0.76 (0.75, 0.77) |
| Newborn and neonatal | 0.81 (0.77, 0.87) |
| Blood and immunological | 0.76 (0.74, 0.77) |
| Myeloproliferative | 0.85 (0.81, 0.89) |
| Infectious and parasitic | 0.71 (0.70, 0.72) |
| Mental disorders | 1.05 (1.04, 1.07) |
| Alcohol and drugs | 1.56 (1.53, 1.60) |
| Injuries/poisoning/Toxic Effects Drugs | 0.86 (0.86, 0.87) |
| Burns | 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) |
| Factors influencing health | 0.79 (0.79, 0.80) |
| Multiple trauma | 1.02 (0.96, 1.08) |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus | 0.97 (0.81, 1.18) |
| Highest Visit Complexity | |
| 99285 (High Complexity) | 1.00 (ref) |
| 99281 (Straight Forward) | 0.10 (0.09, 0.12) |
| 92282 (Low Complexity) | 0.40 (0.39, 0.41) |
| 99283 (Moderately Low Complexity) | 0.68 (0.67, 0.68) |
| 99284 (Moderately High Complexity) | 0.82 (0.81, 0.82) |
Abbreviations: ED= emergency department, N= number of patients, SD= standard deviation, %= percent, Dx= diagnosis.
Logistic regression models controlled for all other variables. Odds ratios compare patients with each diagnosis to patients without each diagnosis.