Table 1.
Demographics and symptom severities. Mean ± SD.
| Group | Non-exercise groups | Post-exercise groups | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sc0 | cfs0 | gwi0 | SC | START | STOPP | CFS | |
| N | 22 | 43 | 22 | 15 | 22 | 42 | 16 |
| Age | 42.0 ± 13.1 | 45.5 ± 10.6 | 49.2 ± 9.7 | 44.3 ± 11.5 | 45.3 ± 8.7 | 46.6 ± 8.2 | 47.0 ± 10.6 |
| Male* | 11 (48%) | 9 (22%) | 9 (41%) | 11 (85%) | 8 (80%) | 18 (82%) | 2 (29%) |
| CFS Severity Questionnaire (CFSQ) | |||||||
| Fatigue | 1.3 ± 1.4 | 3.7 ± 0.4† | 3.5 ± 0.5‡ | 1.2 ± 0.9 | 3.7 ± 0.5§ | 3.5 ± 0.5¶ | 3.9 ± 0.4# |
| memory, concentration | 1.0 ± 1.2 | 3.1 ± 0.7† | 2.8 ± 1.0‡ | 1.0 ± 1.2 | 3.1 ± 0.9§ | 2.9 ± 0.8¶ | 2.7 ± 1.0# |
| sore throat | 0.3 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 1.2† | 1.5 ± 1.1‡ | 0.2 ± 0.6 | 2.1 ± 1.1§ | 1.4 ± 1.3 | 1.7 ± 1.3# |
| sore lymph nodes | 0.2 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 1.3† | 1.8 ± 1.5‡ | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 1.9 ± 1.3§ | 1.0 ± 1.1 | 1.3 ± 1.4 |
| muscle pain | 1.3 ± 1.4 | 3.1 ± 1.1† | 3.0 ± 1.3‡ | 0.9 ± 1.0 | 3.3 ± 0.5§ | 3.1 ± 0.9¶ | 2.9 ± 1.2# |
| joint pain | 0.9 ± 1.1 | 2.6 ± 1.3† | 2.8 ± 1.2‡ | 1.1 ± 1.0 | 3.2 ± 1.3§ | 3.2 ± 0.8¶ | 2.6 ± 1.1 |
| headache | 1.0 ± 1.4 | 2.5 ± 1.3† | 2.5 ± 1.2‡ | 1.0 ± 1.4 | 3.3 ± 1.1§ | 2.4 ± 1.2¶ | 1.7 ± 1.7 |
| disrupted sleep | 1.4 ± 1.5 | 3.5 ± 0.7† | 3.6 ± 0.6‡ | 1.5 ± 1.2 | 3.6 ± 0.5§ | 3.6 ± 1.0 | 3.3 ± 0.5# |
| exertional exhaustion | 1.3 ± 1.6 | 3.3 ± 1.0† | 3.4 ± 1.2‡ | 0.4 ± 0.8 | 3.7 ± 0.5§ | 3.3 ± 0.8¶ | 3.4 ± 0.5# |
| CFSQ Sum8 | 7.4 ± 7.0 | 21.1 ± 4.6† | 21.4 ± 5.2‡ | 6.2 ± 5.6 | 24.2 ± 3.7§ | 20.9 ± 5.1¶ | 19.6 ± 5.6# |
| SF-36 Quality of Life | |||||||
| physical function | 83.0 ± 26.0 | 38.0 ± 20.5† | 44.0 ± 26.9‡ | 87.3 ± 22.9 | 43.3 ± 27.2§ | 43.1 ± 23.2¶ | 36.4 ± 19.7# |
| role physical | 59.8 ± 47.5 | 6.4 ± 19.5† | 8.8 ± 18.6‡ | 86.5 ± 30.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0§ | 15.5 ± 29.0¶ | 0.0 ± 0.0# |
| bodily pain | 73.0 ± 32.7 | 31.0 ± 20.0† | 38.0 ± 26.1‡ | 75.3 ± 21.5 | 20.1 ± 15.6§ | 30.5 ± 18.4¶ | 39.0 ± 25.7# |
| general health | 67.5 ± 20.6 | 32.7 ± 19.0† | 31.8 ± 19.7‡ | 75.5 ± 13.0 | 17.4 ± 12.7§ | 29.4 ± 19.8¶ | 24.3 ± 14.3# |
| vitality | 54.6 ± 28.6 | 11.6 ± 11.7† | 20.5 ± 13.5‡ | 63.8 ± 12.4 | 12.2 ± 11.8§ | 14.0 ± 13.6¶ | 8.6 ± 9.4# |
| social function | 79.9 ± 29.6 | 24.6 ± 21.1† | 28.1 ± 21.8‡ | 84.6 ± 15.4 | 18.1 ± 16.7§ | 30.4 ± 24.5¶ | 19.6 ± 12.2# |
| Chronic Multisymptom Index (CMSI) | |||||||
| rheumatic | 7.0 ± 9.2 | 19.2 ± 6.9† | 21.3 ± 9.6‡ | 3.9 ± 4.2 | 23.1 ± 7.2§ | 20.9 ± 5.1¶ | 20.3 ± 7.5# |
| dyspnea | 2.0 ± 3.4 | 6.8 ± 6.3† | 8.2 ± 5.2‡ | 1.7 ± 2.0 | 12.0 ± 6.1§ | 7.0 ± 4.5¶ | 9.1 ± 5.2# |
| neurological | 2.0 ± 3.7 | 7.5 ± 3.8† | 8.3 ± 4.0‡ | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 9.2 ± 3.4§ | 8.7 ± 2.5¶ | 7.4 ± 3.5# |
| CMSI Sum52 | 24.2 ± 28.9 | 58.4 ± 25.3† | 77.2 ± 34.1‡ | 12.6 ± 11.2 | 89.7 ± 26.1§ | 72.2 ± 23.5¶ | 64.3 ± 30.4# |
| CESD | 9.2 ± 8.1 | 20.9 ± 9.0† | 27.7 ± 12.9‡ | 8.8 ± 7.6 | 33.2 ± 8.4§ | 24.0 ± 10.8¶ | 17.9 ± 10.0# |
| %CESD ≥ 16 | 19.0% | 68.6% | 81.0% | 33.3% | 85.7% | 73.2% | 53.3% |
| GAD7 | 0.50 ± 0.02 | 0.17 ± 5.54 | 8.83 ± 6.77‡ | 4.17 ± 6.00 | 2.25 ± 4.77§ | 7.81 ± 5.81 | 4.67 ± 5.39 |
| FM 1990* | 0/22 (5%) | 15/38 (39%) | 9/19 (47%) | 0/13 (0%) | 5/10 (50%) | 9/22 (41%) | 2/6 (33%) |
| IgG/albumin | 0.13 ± 0.04 | 0.11 ± 0.03 | 0.12 ± 0.03 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 0.13 ± 0.04 | 0.12 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.03 |
*p < 0.002 by contingency tables between all groups.
FDR < 0.010 after significant ANOVA: †sc0 vs cfs0; ‡sc0 vs gwi0; §SC vs START; ¶SC vs STOPP; #START vs CFS.