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. 2017 Nov 6;8:1491. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01491

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Copyright © 2017 Carvalho, Souza, Carvalho, Pacheco, Rocha, Nascimento, Figueiredo, Guarda, Santiago, Adekile and Goncalves.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Association of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) concentrations between healthy controls individuals and sickle cell disease (SCD) patients in steady state, and with mutations in SERPINA1 gene between steady-state SCD patients and individuals of control group. (A) AAT levels between SCD patients and control group; (B) AAT levels between SCD patients and control group with proteinase inhibitor (PI)*MM genotype; (C,D) association of SERPINA1 gene mutations and AAT concentration among SCD patients. SCD patients with genotype PI*MM had higher AAT levels than patients with mutant genotype analyzed separately (PI*MS and PI*SS) and together. (E,F) Association of SERPINA1 gene mutations and AAT concentration among control group individuals. Control groups individuals with genotype PI*MM had higher AAT levels than individuals with mutant genotype analyzed separately (PI*MS and PI*MZ) and together.