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. 2017 Nov 7;8:2161. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02161

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Copyright © 2017 Kumari, Mishra, Arora, Chatrath, Gangwar, Roy and Prasad.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of EO-ACs (thymol, carvacrol, and citral) treatment in Cryptococcus-HaCaT coculture model (A) C. neoformans (B) C. laurentii. The viability of co-cultured HaCaT and cryptococcal cells in the presence of EO-ACs was assessed by fluorescence microscopy using AO-EB dual staining. Control panel shows uniformly dispersed live cryptococcal cells (green, AO stained) with few dead HaCaT cells (red, EB stained). Thymol and carvacrol treatment panel show live HaCaT (green) and sparse and unevenly distributed dead cryptococcal cells (red). Citral treatment panels show dead cryptococcal cell with necrotic HaCaT cells. Yellow arrows indicate dead keratinocytes and the white arrow indicate dead cryptococcal cells. The brightfield and fluorescence images were taken using a 40X objective lens. Scale bar 50 μm.