Table 2.

Association between acid suppression therapy and serum magnesium concentration

	Proton-pump inhibitors		H2 receptor antagonists		No acid-suppressive medications
	β-Coefficient ± s.e.	P-value	β-Coefficient ± s.e.	P-value	Reference
Unadjusted model	0.007 ± 0.004	0.12	0.007 ± 0.008	0.41	—
Model Ia	−0.011 ± 0.004	0.01	−0.005 ± 0.008	0.53	—
Model IIb	−0.012 ± 0.004	0.005	−0.008 ± 0.007	0.30	—
Stratified analysisc
Diuretic use (n = 3286)	−0.028 ± 0.007	< 0.001	−0.009 ± 0.013	0.50	—
No diuretic use (n = 8204)	−0.003 ± 0.005	0.61	−0.008 ± 0.009	0.38	—

Abbreviation: H₂, histamine-2.

Reference category is those on no acid-suppressive medications. β-Coefficients ± s.e’s and P-values are provided for each variable.

^aModel I includes age, gender, ethnicity, and renal function.

^bModel II includes all variables in Model I and the addition of systolic blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, serum calcium, serum phosphate, serum glucose, hematocrit, diuretic use, and 30 comorbidities.

^cStratified analysis: when entered into Model II, a multiplicative interaction term between proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and diuretic use was significant (P = 0.03), and the analysis is presented stratified by diuretic exposure. An interaction term between H₂RA use was not significant.