Table 3.

Baseline characteristics of diuretic users

	Proton-pump inhibitors (n = 1034)	H2 receptor antagonists (n = 229)	No acid-suppressive medications (n = 2023)	P-valuea
Age, mean (s.d.), years	70.6 (13.8)	71.3 (13.2)	71.4 (13.8)	0.29
Male, no. (%)	513 (49.6)	115 (50.2)	1084 (53.6)	0.10
Ethnicity, no. (%)
White	776 (75.1)	173 (75.6)	1506 (74.4)	0.35
African American	117 (11.3)	26 (11.4)	219 (10.8)	0.35
Hispanic or Latino	36 (3.5)	6 (2.6)	46 (2.3)	0.35
Asian	18 (1.7)	2 (0.87)	34 (1.7)	0.35
Other	23 (2.2)	4 (1.8)	41 (2.0)	0.35
Unknown	64 (6.2)	18 (7.9)	177 (8.8)	0.35
Past medical history, no. (%)
Hypertension	425 (41.1)	98 (42.8)	868 (42.9)	0.63
Diabetes	344 (33.3)	77 (33.6)	648 (32.0)	0.74
Congestive heart failure	391 (37.8)	81 (35.4)	636 (31.4)	0.002
Liver disease	123 (11.9)	16 (7.0)	91 (4.5)	< 0.001
Renal failure	55 (5.3)	14 (6.1)	102 (5.0)	0.78
Metastatic cancer	39 (3.8)	11 (4.8)	82 (4.1)	0.77
Alcohol abuse	49 (4.7)	9 (3.9)	66 (3.3)	0.14
Psychoses	33 (3.2)	2 (0.9)	54 (2.7)	0.09
Vital signs, mean (s.d.)
Temperature, °C	36.8 (0.60)	36.7 (0.56)	36.8 (0.58)	0.50
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	120.0 (18.2)	120.4 (16.8)	119.3 (17.0)	0.43
Heart rate, /min	73.9 (13.3)	73.9 (13.7)	73.5 (12.8)	0.70
Laboratory values on admission, mean (s.d.)
Magnesium, mg/dl	1.96 (0.42)	2.0 (0.39)	2.0 (0.41)	0.002
Calcium, mg/dl	8.66 (0.82)	8.74 (0.85)	8.72 (0.80)	0.15
Phosphate, mg/dl	3.76 (1.32)	3.78 (1.14)	3.74 (1.23)	0.82
Creatinine, mg/dl	1.57 (1.28)	1.45 (1.08)	1.44 (1.10)	0.008
Ratio of 24 h/baseline serum creatinine	0.97 (0.23)	1.02 (0.28)	1.01 (0.31)	< 0.001
Glucose, mg/dl	156.4 (92.0)	153.8 (97.9)	162.1 (113.2)	0.25
Hematocrit, %	33.4 (6.33)	33.5 (6.10)	34.5 (6.70)	< 0.001

Abbreviation: H₂, histamine-2

^aP-values reflect across-group differences.