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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Nov 12.
Published in final edited form as: Kidney Int. 2013 Jan 16;83(4):692–699. doi: 10.1038/ki.2012.452

Table 4.

Association between acid suppression therapy and hypomagnesemiaa

Proton-pump inhibitors H2 receptor antagonists No acid-suppressive medications
Cases,
n (%)		 Odds ratio
(95% CI)		 P-value Cases,
n (%)		 Odds ratio
(95% CI)		 P-value Cases,
n (%)		 Ref.
Study populationb 405 (15.3) 1.10 (0.96–1.25) 0.18 94 (14.3) 0.97 (0.76–1.23) 0.81 1362 (16.6) —
Diuretic use (n = 3286) 161 (15.6) 1.54 (1.22–1.95) < 0.001 17 (7.4) 0.63 (0.36–1.03) 0.07 223 (11.0) —
No diuretic use (n = 8204) 244 (15.2) 0.92 (0.78–1.09) 0.35 77 (18.0) 1.14 (0.85–1.49) 0.39 1139 (18.4) —

Abbreviations: H2, histamine-2; Ref., reference category.

Reference category is those on no acid-suppressive medications.

a

Adjusted analysis using all variables from Model II, with magnesium dichotomized at < 1.6 mg/dl.

b

A multiplicative interaction term between proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and diuretic use was significant (P < 0.001). A multiplicative interaction term between histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) and diuretic use was also significant (P = 0.01).