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PID gene defects in the Th17 pathway. Fungal infections recognized by phagocytes and epithelial cells trigger the secretion of cytokines, which induce Th17 cells and Th17 production. Genetic defects of this pathway have been identified for IL12B, IL12RB1, STAT3, STAT1 (GOF), RORC, IL17F, IL17RA, IL17RC, ACT1. Autoantibodies made in APECED target IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-21, thereby blocking the pathway.
