Table 1.
- Patient demographics before and after propensity score (PS) matching.
| Variables | Before PS Matching | After PS Matching (10:1) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | General patients | Nurse | P-value | Total | General patients | Nurse | P-value | |||||||
| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
| Total patients | 518058 | 100.00 | 516100 | 99.62 | 1958 | 0.38 | 18601 | 100.00 | 16910 | 90.91 | 1691 | 9.09 | ||
| Age | <0.001 | 0.928 | ||||||||||||
| <25 | 3092 | 0.60 | 2913 | 0.56 | 179 | 9.14 | 1194 | 6.42 | 1083 | 6.40 | 111 | 6.56 | ||
| 25-34 | 15361 | 2.97 | 14951 | 2.90 | 410 | 20.94 | 3214 | 17.28 | 2933 | 17.34 | 281 | 16.62 | ||
| 35-44 | 53986 | 10.42 | 53436 | 10.35 | 550 | 28.09 | 5568 | 29.93 | 5069 | 29.98 | 499 | 29.51 | ||
| 45-54 | 127935 | 24.70 | 127351 | 24.68 | 584 | 29.83 | 6059 | 32.57 | 5494 | 32.49 | 565 | 33.41 | ||
| 55-64 | 136540 | 26.36 | 136363 | 26.42 | 177 | 9.04 | 1894 | 10.18 | 1717 | 10.15 | 177 | 10.47 | ||
| ≥65 | 181144 | 34.97 | 181086 | 35.09 | 58 | 2.96 | 672 | 3.61 | 614 | 3.63 | 58 | 3.43 | ||
| Average age (Mean, Std) | 59.22 | 13.15 | 59.29 | 13.11 | 42.01 | 12.03 | 44.14 | 11.86 | 44.19 | 11.87 | 43.60 | 11.78 | ||
| Insured salary (NT$) | <0.001 | 0.659 | ||||||||||||
| Low-income household | 5010 | 0.97 | 5009 | 0.97 | 1 | 0.05 | 3 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.06 | ||
| ≤17280 | 35033 | 6.77 | 34873 | 6.77 | 160 | 8.17 | 1826 | 9.82 | 1670 | 9.88 | 156 | 9.23 | ||
| 17281~22800 | 295781 | 57.20 | 295390 | 57.34 | 391 | 19.97 | 4312 | 23.18 | 3922 | 23.19 | 390 | 23.06 | ||
| 22801~28800 | 77247 | 14.94 | 77044 | 14.96 | 203 | 10.37 | 2011 | 10.81 | 1819 | 10.76 | 192 | 11.35 | ||
| 28801~36300 | 30974 | 5.99 | 30745 | 5.97 | 229 | 11.70 | 2015 | 10.83 | 1829 | 10.82 | 186 | 11.00 | ||
| 36301~45800 | 33977 | 6.57 | 33470 | 6.50 | 507 | 25.89 | 4128 | 22.19 | 3739 | 22.11 | 389 | 23.00 | ||
| 45801~57800 | 19896 | 3.85 | 19584 | 3.80 | 312 | 15.93 | 2540 | 13.66 | 2311 | 13.67 | 229 | 13.54 | ||
| ≥57801 | 19206 | 3.71 | 19051 | 3.70 | 155 | 7.92 | 1766 | 9.49 | 1618 | 9.57 | 148 | 8.75 | ||
| Missing data | 934 | 934 | ||||||||||||
| Urbanization of residence | <0.001 | 0.181 | ||||||||||||
| Level 1 | 141455 | 27.35 | 140779 | 27.33 | 676 | 34.53 | 6593 | 35.44 | 5998 | 35.47 | 595 | 35.19 | ||
| Level 2 & 3 | 231299 | 44.73 | 230365 | 44.72 | 934 | 47.70 | 9149 | 49.19 | 8334 | 49.28 | 815 | 48.20 | ||
| Level 4 & 5 | 94836 | 18.34 | 94589 | 18.36 | 247 | 12.61 | 2145 | 11.53 | 1944 | 11.50 | 201 | 11.89 | ||
| Level 6 & 7 | 49533 | 9.58 | 49432 | 9.60 | 101 | 5.16 | 714 | 3.84 | 634 | 3.75 | 80 | 4.73 | ||
| Missing data | 935 | 935 | ||||||||||||
| Other catastrophic illnesses | 0.318 | 0.158 | ||||||||||||
| No | 503285 | 97.15 | 501375 | 97.15 | 1910 | 97.55 | 18200 | 97.84 | 16554 | 97.89 | 1646 | 97.34 | ||
| Yes | 14773 | 2.85 | 14725 | 2.85 | 48 | 2.45 | 401 | 2.16 | 356 | 2.11 | 45 | 2.66 | ||
| Moderate to severe kidney disease | 0.218 | 0.085 | ||||||||||||
| No | 440556 | 85.04 | 438871 | 85.04 | 1685 | 86.06 | 16425 | 88.30 | 14954 | 88.43 | 1471 | 86.99 | ||
| Yes | 77502 | 14.96 | 77229 | 14.96 | 273 | 13.94 | 2176 | 11.70 | 1956 | 11.57 | 220 | 13.01 | ||
| CCI | <0.001 | 0.247 | ||||||||||||
| 0 | 8776 | 1.69 | 8751 | 1.70 | 25 | 1.28 | 233 | 1.25 | 212 | 1.25 | 21 | 1.24 | ||
| 1~3 | 129044 | 24.91 | 128410 | 24.88 | 634 | 32.38 | 6438 | 34.61 | 5881 | 34.78 | 557 | 32.94 | ||
| 4~6 | 148079 | 28.58 | 147421 | 28.56 | 658 | 33.61 | 6130 | 32.96 | 5581 | 33.00 | 549 | 32.47 | ||
| 7~9 | 125612 | 24.25 | 125197 | 24.26 | 415 | 21.20 | 3858 | 20.74 | 3493 | 20.66 | 365 | 21.58 | ||
| ≥10 | 106547 | 20.57 | 106321 | 20.60 | 226 | 11.54 | 1942 | 10.44 | 1743 | 10.31 | 199 | 11.77 | ||
| Average CCI (Mean, Std) | 6.33 | 3.78 | 6.33 | 3.78 | 5.41 | 3.39 | 5.18 | 3.29 | 5.15 | 3.28 | 5.43 | 3.42 | ||
| DCSI | <0.001 | 0.438 | ||||||||||||
| 0 | 359786 | 69.45 | 358301 | 69.42 | 1485 | 75.84 | 14358 | 77.19 | 13075 | 77.32 | 1283 | 75.87 | ||
| 1 | 79434 | 15.33 | 79144 | 15.34 | 290 | 14.81 | 2737 | 14.71 | 2480 | 14.67 | 257 | 15.20 | ||
| 2 | 52368 | 10.11 | 52232 | 10.12 | 136 | 6.95 | 1118 | 6.01 | 1009 | 5.97 | 109 | 6.45 | ||
| ≥3 | 26470 | 5.11 | 26423 | 5.12 | 47 | 2.40 | 388 | 2.09 | 346 | 2.05 | 42 | 2.48 | ||
| Average DCSI (Mean, Std) | 0.54 | 0.98 | 0.54 | 0.98 | 0.37 | 0.76 | 0.34 | 0.73 | 0.34 | 0.73 | 0.36 | 0.75 | ||
CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; DCSI, Diabetes Complications Severity Index; PS, propensity score. It’s 32 New Taiwan Dollar (NT$) per US dollar. Urbanization level of residence area (overall 7 levels; Level 1 was the most urbanized). The boldface indicated that p values less than 0.05 are considered statistically significant.