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. 2017 Oct 19;19(4):555–570. doi: 10.1007/s12017-017-8469-3

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 1 — Effect of MMPP on improvement of memory impairment in LPS-injected mice. (a) Timeline depicts the treatment of MMPP and assessments of cognitive functions of mice. The mice (n = 10) were treated MMPP by drinking water daily at dose of 5 mg/kg for 4 weeks. I.p. injection of LPS (250 μg/kg) was administered except for control group on the 4th week for 7 days, and memory tests were conducted. The training trial was performed three times a day for 7 days. Swimming time (b) and swimming distance (c) to the platform were automatically recorded. The time spent in the target quadrant and target site crossing within 60 s was represented (d). To perform the passive avoidance test, step-through method was used (e). Each value is presented as mean ± S.D. from ten mice. ^#Significantly different to control mice (P < 0.05), *Significantly different to LPS-injected mice (P < 0.05)