Table 4.
Complications | Immediate (8.2%) | Early (1.4%) | Late (16.4%) |
---|---|---|---|
Perforation | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Malposition | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Hemorrhage | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Food impaction | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Migration | 0 | 1 | 3 |
Over ingrowth | 0 | 0 | 6 |
Fistula | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Retrosternal pain* | 0 | 41 | 0 |
*Retrosternal pain was not regarded as a complication; thus, it is not included in the calculations. However, for the sake of completeness and to provide complete data to potential researchers, this procedural morbidity was added to the table.