Fig. 5.
Regulation of the pseudoknot folding pathway by RNA sequence and magnesium ions. a 2D structure of T2 RNA with a polyU loop. b Histogram of the unfolding duration for T2 polyU mutant folding states after the folding time of t fold = 10 s (N 0 = 232). Three components at 2.0 ms for HP3, 22 ms for prePK*, and 1000 ms for PK* were identified from the histogram. c 2D and 3D structures for the intermediate states HP3 and prePK* and the final state PK* obtained from the simulation study. d Comparison of unfolding durations of various states in wild-type T2 with magnesium ions, wild-type T2 without magnesium and T2 with polyU loop with magnesium ions. Error bars represent standard deviation of the mean duration (n ≥ 3). Magnesium ions are at the concentration of 10 mM, and the unfolding voltage in trans is −60 mV. All the data were collected from at least three different nanopores, and the errors are given as standard deviations