Table 1. Characteristics among the patients categorized with the ABI and baPWV.
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABI ≥ 0.9 | ABI ≥ 0.9 | ABI < 0.9 | ABI < 0.9 | ||
| baPWV ≤ 1870 cm/s | baPWV < 1870 cm/s | baPWV ≤ 1870 cm/s | baPWV < 1870 cm/s | ||
| N = 316 | N = 473 | N = 21 | N = 51 | ||
| Age, years | 63.2 ± 11.8 | 74.1 ± 9.1 | 72.5 ± 14.4 | 76.9 ± 8.7 | < 0.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 101 (32.0) | 160 (33.8) | 9 (42.9) | 15 (29.4) | 0.679 |
| BMI | 23.9 ± 3.6 | 23.2 ± 3.4 | 23.3 ± 2.8 | 23.0 ± 3.7 | 0.019 |
| Ischemic stroke | |||||
| Subtype | < 0.001 | ||||
| LAA, n (%) | 76 (24.1) | 127 (26.9) | 11 (52.3) | 27 (53.0) | |
| SVO, n (%) | 129 (40.8) | 166 (35.1) | 4 (19.1) | 10 (19.6) | |
| Other, n (%) | 24 (7.6) | 19 (4.0) | 2 (9.5) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Undetermined, n (%) | 87 (27.5) | 161 (34.0) | 4 (19.1) | 12 (23.5) | |
| NIHSS score on admission | 2 [1–3] | 2 [1–4] | 3 [1–4] | 4 [2–5] | 0.002 |
| (median [IQR]) | |||||
| Drinking, n (%) | 143 (45.4) | 190 (40.6) | 6 (28.6) | 20 (39.2) | 0.310 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 177 (56.0) | 178 (38.4) | 11 (52.4) | 23 (45.1) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 211 (69.6) | 374 (81.1) | 16 (76.2) | 47 (92.2) | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 189 (60.4) | 272 (58.0) | 12 (57.1) | 28 (56.0) | 0.889 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 99 (31.5) | 176 (37.5) | 11 (52.4) | 27 (52.9) | 0.008 |
| Antithrombotic agent, n (%) | 23 (7.3) | 60 (12.7) | 5 (23.8) | 13 (25.5) | < 0.001 |
ABI, ankle brachial index; baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis; SVO, small vessel occlusion; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health stroke scale; IQR, interquartile raange; 3M mRS, modified Rankin scale 3-month after onset