Figure 2.

In vitro differentiation potential and immunophenotype of AF-MSCs. Multilineage differentiation potential of AF-MSCs was investigated by applying adipocyte, chondrocyte, and osteoblast differentiation media to the cells for 3 weeks. Staining of Oil Red O showed successful differentiation into adipogenic lineage with developed fat vacuoles surrounding the cell nucleus (A1). Chondrogenic differentiation was shown to be present by alcian blue staining of cell aggregates containing proteoglycan (A2). Osteoblast formation by AF-MSCs was indicated by alizarin red S staining of calcium deposits (A3). Flow cytometry was used for the analysis of cell surface marker expression. Histograms showed that MSC markers CD73, CD90, and CD105 were detected as cell surface proteins on AF-MSCs preparation derived from C-sections whereas hematopoietic marker expressions CD14, CD20, CD34, and CD45 were low (bold lines) (b). Antibody isotype controls are represented by thin lines.