Fig. (1).

Schematic representation of signaling network in response to low temperature stress. It shows the early events of cold perception, leading expression of COR genes regulated by CBF transcription factors. Characterized Ca⁺² sensor proteins and their target proteins are also shown. Refer to text for detailed descriptions. CBF/DREB, C-repeat binding factors/DRE-binding proteins; CBL/CIPK, calcineurin B-like protein/CBL-interacting protein kinase; CAMTA, Calmodulin-binding transcription activator; COR, cold-regulated; HOS, high expression of osmotically responsive gene; ICE1, inducer of CBF expression 1; RCI1A, Rare cold inducible 1A and ADH1, Alcohol dehydrogenase 1; ABF1, ABRE binding factor 1; EIN3, Ethylene Insensitive; HOS1, high expression of osmotically responsive genes; SIZ1, E3 SUMO ligase.