Table 3.
Case Reports by Medical Comorbidity.
| Author | Age, y | Mechanism | Radiographic evidence? | Repair and outcomes | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anabolic steroid use | |||||
| Nikolaidou et al25 | 28 | Weight lifting | NR | Suture anchor repair At 18 mo: full ROM and strength |
Long-term anabolic steroid use |
| Duchow et al10 | 31 | Fight | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair Hematoma evacuation and suture repair At 12 wk: full ROM, no ulnar nerve symptoms |
Ulnar nerve compression attributed to forming hematoma History of local steroid injections Long-term use of anabolic steroids and competitive power lifting |
| Bach et al3 | 33 | Weight lifting (snatch 325 lbs) | NR | Suture repair At 9 mo: full ROM, benched 375 lbs, cleaned 407 lbs |
Anabolic steroid use Olympic weight lifter Delayed presentation (28 mo) |
| Bunshah et al5 | 40 | Weight lifting | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair At 1 y: Mayo Elbow Score, 85; strength 5/5 |
Anabolic steroid use Powerlifter |
| Local steroid injection | |||||
| Weistroffer et al (2003)37 | 49 | Prior bilateral BKA; injured while landing ATV | No: 0/1 | Suture repair with augmentation At 2 y: ROM, 5°-140°, 5/5 strength 6% side-side difference on isokinetic testing Return to competitive motorcycle racing |
Had prior triceps suture repair Described repair with hamstring autograft augmentation |
| Stannard and Bucknell32 | 35 | Bench pressing 315 lbs | NR | Suture repair At 9 mo: ROM, 0°-140° and able to bench greater than 300 lbs |
Six injections for olecranon bursitis (last injection 3 wk prior to rupture) History of anabolic steroid use (12-wk cycles for 4 y—last cycle 6 mo prior) |
| Oral steroid medication | |||||
| Pina et al26 | 43 | Fall, 1 m | Yes: 1/1 | 3 suture anchors At 1 y: full painless ROM Complete strength |
History of oral steroid for asthma |
| Renal disease | |||||
| de Waal Malefijt et al9 | 66 | Avulsion | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair At 6 mo: ROM, 5°-140° |
Tuberculosis-induced renal insufficiency Parathyroid glands removed 3 wk prior for secondary hyperparathyroidism |
| Zaidenberg et al (2015)42 | 36 (B) | Fall | Yes: 2/2 | Suture repair At 12 mo: full ROM, 5/5 strength DASH: 6 |
Renal transplant secondary to acute glomerulonephritis Required hemodialysis |
| Gupta and Murthi13 | 48 | Fall | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair with ORIF of distal humerus At 36 mo: ROM 10°-120° |
Renal transplant requiring hemodialysis and oral steroids |
| Tsourvakas et al34 | 27 (B) | Fall | Yes: 2/2 | Suture repair At 3 mo: full ROM |
CKD from acute glomerulonephritis requiring hemodialysis |
| Mont et al22 | 22 (B) | Seizure | No: 0/2 | Suture repair At 1 y: ROM, 0°-120° |
Glomerulonephritis with end-stage renal disease Hypocalcemic-induced tetany causing bilateral triceps/quadriceps tendon ruptures |
| Diabetes mellitus | |||||
| Wagner and Cooney36 | 61 | Roller skating fall | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair Follow-up: NR 5/5 strength ROM, 20°-130° Return to work as mechanism |
Poorly controlled, insulin-dependent DM Associated nephrolithiasis and essential HTN 5 mo |
| Isolated trauma | |||||
| Tarallo et al (2015)33 | 40 | Car accident | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair At 30 d: full ROM |
No medical problems |
| Naito et al23 | 17 | Football | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair At 9 mo: full ROM and strength |
No medical problems Associated radial head/trochlear fractures |
| Daglar et al (2009)7 | 39 | Fall | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair At 10 mo: 10°-140° |
No medical problems |
| Singh and Pooley30 | 31 | Ice hockey | NR | Suture repair At 6 mo: return to professional hockey |
MRI was negative but surgical exploration demonstrated complete intramuscular rupture of all 3 heads |
| Rajasekhar et al. (2002)28 | 42 | Fell 3 ft | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair with tension band At 1 y: full ROM and strength |
K-wires removed at 3 mo |
| Dev et al (1999)8 | 53 | Fell | Yes: 1/1 | Steel wire repair At 6 wk: 0°-110° |
Injury included avulsion of triceps origin as well which was treated conservatively |
| Yazdi et al39 | 27 24 |
Fall Fall |
Yes: 1/1 NR |
Suture repair with VY-plasty technique At 2 y: Both patients had full elbow strength and ROM and had returned to work |
Comorbidities not recorded Both were delayed presentation (4 mo) |
| Naito et al23 | 18 | Football | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair At 2 mo: full ROM and return to football |
Comorbidities not recorded |
| Herrick and Herrick14 | 32 | Unknown | Yes: 1/1 | Unknown repair technique At 1 y: able to bench press 215 kg |
Significant delay to presentation Cubital tunnel syndrome Powerlifter |
| Inhofe and Moneim15 | 19 | Fall | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair At 3 mo: 10°-135°, resumed recreational activities |
Delay in presentation (9 mo) No medical comorbidities |
| Familial | |||||
| McCulloch et al20 | 19 | Football | Yes: 1/1 | Suture repair At 6 mo: full ROM and strength |
No medical problems Father: bilateral triceps rupture |
Note. NR = not reported; ROM = range of motion; BKA = below knee amputation; ATV = all-terrain vehicle; DASH = Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand; ORIF = open reduction internal fixation; CKD = chronic kidney disease; DM = diabetes mellitus; HTN = hypertension; (B) = bilateral; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging.