. 2017 Jan 23;90(1070):20160542. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20160542

Table 1.

Characteristic of the 39 studies that assess background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) qualitatively included in the systematic review

Study	Year	Journal	Country	Design	Study population	Magnetic field (T)	Contrast media (commercial names)	Sequences used for qualitative assessment of BPE
Study	Year	Journal	Country	Design	Study population	Magnetic field (T)	Contrast media (commercial names)	Combination of unenhanced and contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed T₁ weighted and subtracted images	Combination of the unenhanced, initial contrast-enhanced subtraction and MIP images	MIP	Post-contrast series and/or subtracted images	Not clear
Albert et al¹⁹	2015	Clin Imaging	USA	R	475	3.0 and 1.5	Magnevist^® (Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany)	x^a
Amarosa et al^b ²⁰	2013	Radiology	USA	R	58	3.0	Magnevist	x
Baek et al²¹	2014	Eur J Radiol	Korea	R	322	3.0 and 1.5	Magnevist		x^c
Cho et al^b ²²	2015	Eur J Radiol	USA	R	77	3.0	Magnevist	x
Choi and Kim²³	2015	Acta Radiol	Korea	R	98	1.5	Magnevist	x^a
Cubuk et al^b ²⁴	2010	Rad Med	Turkey	R	26	1.5	Magnevist				x
DeMartini et al¹¹	2012	AJR Am J Roentgenol	USA	R	736	Not clear	not clear		x
DeLeo et al²⁵	2015	AJR Am J Roentgenol	USA	R	55	3.0 and 1.5	not clear	x
Dontchos et al¹⁰	2015	Radiology	USA	R	487	1.5	Omniscan (gadodiamide)		x
Grimm et al²⁶	2015	AJR Am J Roentgenol	USA	R	222	3.0 and 1.5	Magnevist					x
Hambly et al¹²	2011	AJR Am J Roentgenol	USA	R	250	1.5	Magnevist	x
Hansen et al²⁷	2014	J Magn Reson Imaging	Germany	R	468	1.5	Gadovist^® (gadobutrol, Bayer Inc., ON)				x^a
Iacconi et al²⁸	2014	Eur J Radiol	USA	R	96	3.0 and 1.5	Magnevist					x
Jansen et al^b ²⁹	2011	Eur Radiol	USA	R	229	1.5	Omniscan				x
Kajihara et al^b ³⁰	2013	Magn Reson Med Sci	Japan	R	165	1.5	Magnevist				x
Kawamura et al³¹	2015	Nagoya J Med Sci	Japan	R	160	3.0	Magnevist	x^a
Kim JY et al^b ³²	2015	Magn Reson Imaging	Korea	R	81	3.0	Gadovist				x^a
Kim MY et al³³	2015	Clin Radiol	Korea	R	178	3.0	Dotarem^®			x
Kim MY, et al^b ³⁴	2013	Acta Radiol	Korea	R	133	1.5	Gadovist	x^a
Kim SA et al^b ³⁵	2014	Radiology	Korea	R	215	1.5	MultiHance^® (Bracco Imaging, Milan, Italy)	x^a
Kim YJ et al³⁶	2014	Asian Pac j Cancer Prev	Korea	R	62	3.0	Gadovist				x^a
King et al⁸	2012	Radiology	USA	R	149	3.0 and 1.5	Magnevist	x
King et al³⁷	2012	Breast J	USA	R	88	1.5	Magnevist	x
King et al³⁸	2012	Eur Radiol	USA	R	330	3.0 and 1.5	Magnevist	x
King et al³⁹	2011	Radiology	USA	R	1275	1.5	Magnevist	x
Kohara et al⁴⁰	2015	Nagoya	Japan	R	91	3.0	Magnevist				x^a
Koo et al⁴¹	2013	Eur J Radiol	Korea	R	52	1.5	Gadovist	x^a
Melsaether et al¹⁷	2014	AJR Am J Roentgenol	USA	R	119	3.0 and 1.5	Magnevist	x^a
Myers et al⁴²	2015	Clin Breast Cancer	USA	R	168	1.5	MultiHance					x
Park et al⁴³	2015	BrJ Radiol	Korea	R	314	3.0 and 1.5	Magnevist		x
Preibsch et al⁴⁴	2015	Eur Radiol	Germany	R	73	1.5	Gadovist				x^d
Price et al⁴⁵	2014	Eur Radiol	USA	R	18	1.5	Magnevist				x^a
Scaranelo et al^b ⁴⁶	2013	Radiology	Canada	R	147	1.5	Gadovist				x^a
Schrading et al^b ⁴⁷	2014	Radiology	Germany	P	40	1.5	Magnevist	x^a
Tagliafico et al^b ⁷	2015	Br J Radiol	Italy	R	48	3.0	MultiHance				x^a
Uematsu et al¹⁵	2012	Breast Cancer	Japan	R	70	1.5	Magnevist				x^a
Uematsu et al¹³	2011	Eur Radiol	Japan	R	146	1.5	Magnevist				x^a
Uematsu et al⁴⁸	2012	Eur J Radiol	Japan	R	146	1.5	Magnevist				x^a
Yoon et al⁴⁹	2015	Eur Radiol	Korea	R	145	3.0	Magnevist		x

MIP, maximum intensity projection; P, prospective study; R, retrospective study.

^{^a}

Early post-contrast images were used.

^{^b}

Articles with both qualitative and quantitative assessments of BPE.

^{^c}

The unenhanced images were not used.

^{^d}

Only subtracted images were used.