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. 2017 Jan 23;90(1070):20160542. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20160542

Table 5.

Risk of bias table demonstrating the overall risk of bias for each of the domains of patient selection, index test and reference standard, and flow and timing

Study Patient selection Index test and reference standard Flow and timing
Amarosa et ala 20 + + ?
Chen et al50 + ?
Chen et al51 + + ?
Cho et ala 22 + + +
Cubuk R et ala 24 + ?
Hattangadi et al52 + ? ?
Hegenscheid et al53 + + +
Hegenscheid et al54 + + +
Jansen et ala 29 + + ?
Kajihara et ala 30 ? + ?
Kang et al55 ? + +
Kim JY et ala 32 ? + +
Kim MY et ala 34 + ? ?
Kim SA et ala 35 + + +
Klifa et al56 + + +
Mazurowski et al57 + ? ?
Mousa et al58 + +
Scaranelo et ala 46 + + +
Schrading et ala 47 + + +
Schrading and Kuhl59 + ? +
Tagliafico et ala 7 + + +
Van der Velden et al14 + + +
Wu et al60 + + +
Yang et al61 + + ?

+, low risk of bias; −, high risk of bias; ?, unclear.

a

Studies that assessed background parenchymal enhancement with both qualitative and quantitative methods.