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. 2016 May 11;1:16010. doi: 10.1038/npjgenmed.2016.10

Table 3. Reasons for referrals by specialty.

Cancer N
P/FHx history breast cancer 121
P/FHx polyposis/ colorectal cancer 26
P/FHx BRCA1/2 mutation 19
P/FHx ovarian cancer 14
P/FHx PTEN-hamartoma tumour syndrome 13
   
P/FHx known syndrome 13
 ATM-cancer risk  
 Familial adenatomous polyposis  
 MUTYH-associated polyposis  
 Juvenile polyposis syndrome  
 Peutz–Jeghers syndrome  
 Li–Fraumeni syndrome  
 Hereditary paraganglioma  
P/FHx cancer 11
   
Other 11
 Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry  
 Barrett oesophagus  
 Carcinoid  
 Sebaceous carcinoma  
 Kidney cancer  
 Thyroid cancer  
 Lung cancer  
 Brain tumours  
 Rule out Von–Hippel–Lindau  
   
P/FHx upper gastrointestinal cancer 8
P/FHx Lynch syndrome 6
P/FHx endometrial cancer 6
P/FHx pheocchromocytoma/paraganglioma 4
   
Cardiovascular
 P/FHx HCM 17
 P/FHx connective tissue disease 15
   
Other 15
 Blue sclera  
 Bradycardia  
 Stickler syndrome  
 Diverticulosis  
 Wolf–Parkinson–White  
 Cardiac arrest  
 Mitral valve prolapse  
 Sudden cardiac death  
 Cardiovascular disease  
ACTA2  
 Loeys–Dietz  
 Restrictive cardiomyopathy  
 Multiple anomies with cardiomyopathy and dilated aorta  
   
P/FHx aortic aneurysm 13
P/FHx Marfan syndrome 11
P/FHx Ehlers–Danlos syndrome 9
P/FHx other aneurysm/dissection 9
P/FHx dilated cardiomyopathy 5
P/FHx long QT 3
P/FHx bicuspid aortic valve 3
P/FHx hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 3
   
General
 Other 37
  Cleidocranial dysplasia  
  Rhabdomyolysis  
  Rule out Alport syndrome  
  Cerebral ventriculomegaly  
  Cerebral cavernous malformations  
  Right ventricular dilation, polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, neuropathy  
  Kidney tumours, CPAM  
  Speech delay and static encephalopathy  
  Choroid plexus carcinoma  
  Isolated lissencephaly sequence  
  Skin tag of ear  
  Common variable immune deficiency  
  Hemihypertrophy X 2  
  Nystagmus, variant in FRMD7  
  Multiple medical complaints  
  Fractures  
  Auditory processing disorder  
  Hemiplegic migraine  
  Tetralogy of Fallot  
  Failure to thrive  
  Familial hypercholesterolaemia X 2  
  Hirschsprung disease  
  Ear anomaly, asymmetric cry  
  MTHFR  
  Bilateral amelia of upper limbs  
  Fragile X testing  
  Pseudohypoparathyroidism  
  Macroglossia X 2  
  Spina bifida  
  Tricuspid valve atresia  
  Hypoplastic left heart  
  Abdominal pain, migraines, fatigue  
  Abnormal amino acids, neuro symptoms  
  Microcephaly, failure to thrive delays  
   
P/FHx known syndrome 22
 CDG-1A  
 Family history SBMA  
 Usher syndrome  
 Huntington disease X 3  
 Brown-Vialetto-vanLaere syndrome X 2  
 Osteogenesis imperfect  
 Mowat-Wilson syndrome  
 Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome X 2  
 Diamond–Blackfan anaemia  
   
DD/ID with or without other issues 13
   
Chromosomal 12
 Down syndrome X 2  
 Klinefelter’s syndrome  
 12p deletion  
 Turner syndrome  
 22q11 deletion  
 Abnormal microarray  
 8;9 unbalanced translocation  
 17q21.31deletion  
 2q22.3q23.3 deletion  
 Marker chromosome 15  
 21q22.3 duplication  
   
NF evaluation 9
WES 8
Hearing loss 6
Epilepsy 6
Multiple congenital anomalies 5
Autism 5
Rule out porphyria 4
Ataxia 3
Mito 3
Cleft lip/palate 3
   
Prenatal
 Advanced maternal age 26
 First trimester screening 20
   
Family history of syndrome/birth defect/other health issue 13
 Hunter syndrome  
 Thalassaemia  
 Hydrocephaly  
RET mutation/Hirschsprung  
 Asperger  
 Duchene muscular dystrophy  
 Intellectual disability  
 Multiple congenital anomalies  
 22q11.2 deletion syndrome  
 Down syndrome, ID, fetal alcohol syndrome  
 Hemophilia X 2  
 Simpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome  
   
Fetal anomaly(ies) 10
 Heart defect X 3  
 Bilateral cleft lip  
 Ventriculomegaly  
 Severe hydrocephaly  
 Bilateral phocomelia, unilateral bowed femur  
 Pericardial effusion  
 Not otherwise specified X 2  
   
Fetal chromosomal abnormality 8
   
Other 8
 Balanced translocation carrier  
 Abnormal sequential screen  
 Increased nuchal translucency  
 Age related aneuploidy risk (non-AMA)  
 Egg donor  
 Possible thalassaemia  
 Infertility due to partner Y microdeletions  
 Abnormal Tay–Schas carrier results  
Advanced maternal age plus other issues 5
Multiple miscarriages 2

Abbreviations: HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; P/FHx, personal/family history.