Table 1.

Adjusted logistic regression: findings describing differences in alcohol drinking prevalence and patterns by gender, school type, and grade level—Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS), 2011

	Gender		School type		Grade level
	Males vs. females		Private vs. public		8th vs. 7th Grade		9th vs. 7th Grade
2011	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P-value
Early onset of alcohol use
First drink before 14 years among who ever had a drink of alcohol (other than a few sips)	1.82 (1.43, 2.32)	0.000*	5.18 (2.07, 13.01)	0.001*	1.13 (0.77, 1.65)	0.514	0.84 (0.25, 2.87)	0.775
Past 30-day drinking patterns
Drank at least one alcoholic drink at least once in past 30-days	2.11 (1.63, 2.71)	0.000*	4.33 (2.00, 9.37)	0.001*	1.09 (0.76, 1.57)	0.629	0.97 (0.33, 2.82)	0.950
Drank two or more drinks per day on the days they drank among past 30day drinkers	2.72 (1.70, 4.37)	0.000*	2.74 (1.36, 5.05)	0.007*	1.66 (1.03, 2.67)	0.038*	1.19 (0.50, 2.81)	0.679
Ever drunkenness
Been really drunk a minimum of one time during life	1.77 (1.30, 2.40)	0.001*	3.02 (1.43, 6.38)	0.006*	1.06 (0.76, 1.49)	0.727	1.10 (0.41, 2.98)	0.842
Alcohol-related problemsa
Trouble with family/friends./school	4.08 (2.45, 6.78)	0.000*	1.85 (0.94, 3.64)	0.072	1.70 (0.93, 3.12)	0.083	1.13 (0.57, 2.24)	0.706
Sources of obtaining alcohol†
Buying from store/shop/street vendor	4.67 (2.13, 10.18)	0.000*	1.78 (1.01, 3.13)	0.047*	1.27 (0.84, 1.92)	0.247	0.71 (0.34, 1.32)	0.269
Giving someone else money to buy it for them	1.52 (0.55, 4.20)	0.404	0.78 (0.28, 2.16)	0.618	1.97 (0.58, 6.67)	0.264	2.68 (1.01, 7.08)	0.047*
From friends	3.45 (1.63, 7.29)	0.002*	1.22 (0.58, 2.56)	0.582	2.10 (0.92, 4.79)	0.075	1.55 (0.36, 6.68)	0.539
From family	0.89 (0.69, 1.14)	0.341	7.10 (2.70, 18.74)	0.000*	0.86 (0.58, 1.27)	0.435	0.97 (0.29, 3.30)	0.961
Stealing it or getting it without permission	6.98 (1.15, 42.52)	0.036*	0.60 (0.14, 2.61)	0.479	1.49 (0.60, 3.68)	0.372	0.52 (0.12, 2.33)	0.380
Getting it some other way	2.16 (1.25, 3.72)	0.008*	4.82 (1.72, 13.49)	0.004*	1.15 (0.49, 2.73)	0.736	1.64 (0.53, 5.11)	0.375

Adjusted OR: Adjusted odds ratio, representing a model that included gender, school and grade level as predictors of each of the alcohol outcomes; 95% CI (confidence interval).

^aGotten into trouble with family or friends, missed school, or got into fights a minimum of one time during life as a result of drinking alcohol.

^†reference category: No.

^*Statistical significance (p value < 0.05).