Table 2.
Alcohol use patterns among middle school students, in the total sample, and by gender: 2005 and 2011 Global School-based Health Surveys (GSHS)
| Total |
Male |
Female |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 % (n) | 2011 % (n) | RC % | 2005 % (n) | 2011 % (n) | RC % | 2005 % (n) | 2011 % (n) | RC % | |
| Early onset alcohol use | |||||||||
| First drink before 14 years among who ever had a drink of alcohol (other than a few sips) | — | 86.8 (639) | — | — | 87.2 (354) | — | — | 86.1 (285) | — |
| Past 30-day drinking patterns | |||||||||
| Drank at least one alcoholic drink at least once in past 30 days | 19.5 (966) | 27.4 (542) | +40.5▲ | 27.8 (637) | 35.7 (320) | +28.4▲ | 12.2 (329) | 20.3 (222) | +66.4▲ |
| Drank two or more drinks per day on the days they drank among past 30-day drinkers | 38.8 (367) | 38.1 (205) | −1.8 | 44.9 (280) | 43.8 (142) | −2.4 | 26.7 (87) | 29.2 (63) | +9.4 |
| Ever drunkenness | |||||||||
| Been really drunk a minimum of one time during life | 13.8 (682) | 20.4 (406) | +47.8▲ | 21.2 (490) | 25.9 (239) | +22.2 | 7.1 (192) | 15.8 (167) | +122.5▲ |
| Alcohol-related problems* | |||||||||
| Trouble with family/friends/school | 17.0 (840) | 4.9 (97) | – | 23.7 (540) | 8.2 (70) | – | 11.0 (300) | 2.1 (27) | – |
| Sources of obtaining alcohol | |||||||||
| Buying from store/street vendor | 23.4 (198) | 22.6 (125) | −3.4 | 29.2 (165) | 29.7 (99) | +1.7 | 11.2 (33) | 11.8 (26) | +5.4 |
| Giving someone money to buy it | 3.4 (26) | 2.9 (17) | −14.7 | 4.6 (23) | 2.7 (9) | −41.3 | 1.1 (3) | 3.1 (8) | +181.1 |
| From friends | 7.7 (65) | 4.8 (26) | −37.7 | 7.7 (43) | 6.2 (20) | −19.5 | 7.7 (22) | 2.6 (6) | −66.2 |
| From family | 55.4 (479) | 49.8 (247) | −10.1 | 48.9 (258) | 39.5 (114) | −19.2 | 69.0 (194) | 65.4 (133) | −5.2 |
| Stealing it/getting with no permission | 1.8 (15) | 1.7 (11) | −5.5 | 2.7 (15) | 2.7 (10) | 0.0 | 0.0 (0) | 0.3 (1) | — |
| Getting it some other way | 8.3 (70) | 11.8 (61) | +42.2 | 7.0 (39) | 12.9 (38) | +84.0 | 11.0 (31) | 10.0 (23) | −9.1 |
RC= relative change between 2005 and 2011, where “+” indicates an increase and “–” indicates a decrease;
▲
The observed increase is statistically significant (p < value 0.05).
Bolded percentages indicate that the gender differences within each year were statistically significant (p value < 0.05).
*
Gotten into trouble with family or friends, missed school, or got into fights a minimum of one time during life as a result of drinking alcohol.
—
Data not collected for 2005.