Table 3.
Factors associated with receipt of drug resistance testing at linkage to HIV care among adults and adolescents with HIV diagnosed in 2013 who were linked to HIV care within three months after diagnosis and received drug resistance testing at or after linkage, overall and by selected characteristics – National HIV Surveillance System, six jurisdictions.
| Resistance testing | No resistance testing | aPR* (95% CI) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, in years | ||||
| 13–24 | 907 | 472 | Ref | |
| 25–34 | 1301 | 615 | 1.03 (0.98, 1.08) | 0.304 |
| 35–44 | 911 | 392 | 1.05 (1.00, 1.11) | 0.059 |
| 45–54 | 747 | 316 | 1.04 (0.98, 1.10) | 0.200 |
| ≥55 | 358 | 163 | 1.00 (0.93, 1.07) | 0.997 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Black/African American | 1405 | 742 | 0.93 (0.89, 0.98) | 0.003 |
| Hispanic/Latino | 1484 | 643 | 0.96 (0.92, 1.00) | 0.057 |
| White | 1046 | 431 | Ref | |
| Other | 289 | 141 | 0.92 (0.86, 0.99) | 0.029 |
| Transmission category† | ||||
| Male to male sexual contact | 2997 | 1354 | Ref | |
| Injection drug use (male) | 111 | 73 | 0.85 (0.75, 0.95) | 0.006 |
| Injection drug use (female) | 107 | 49 | 0.97 (0.87, 1.08) | 0.565 |
| Male to male sexual contact and injection drug use | 123 | 64 | 0.96 (0.87, 1.06) | 0.422 |
| Heterosexual contact (male) | 257 | 122 | 0.97 (0.90, 1.04) | 0.370 |
| Heterosexual contact (female) | 629 | 296 | 0.99 (0.94, 1.04) | 0.688 |
| Initial CD4 counts in each area of residence at diagnosis (cells/mm3)‡ | ||||
| Los Angeles County | ||||
| <200 | 164 | 60 | Ref | |
| 200–349 | 126 | 70 | 0.88 (0.77, 1.00) | 0.053 |
| 350–499 | 136 | 63 | 0.94 (0.83, 1.06) | 0.310 |
| ≥500 | 161 | 144 | 0.73 (0.64, 0.83) | <0.001 |
| Michigan | ||||
| <200 | 114 | 40 | Ref | |
| 200–349 | 71 | 26 | 1.02 (0.87, 1.18) | 0.841 |
| 350–499 | 62 | 27 | 0.94 (0.79, 1.11) | 0.442 |
| ≥500 | 112 | 39 | 1.02 (0.89, 1.17) | 0.750 |
| New York | ||||
| <200 | 409 | 135 | Ref | |
| 200–349 | 348 | 114 | 1.01 (0.94, 1.08) | 0.832 |
| 350–499 | 358 | 113 | 1.01 (0.94, 1.09) | 0.721 |
| ≥500 | 426 | 191 | 0.92 (0.86, 0.99) | 0.029 |
| South Carolina | ||||
| <200 | 60 | 54 | Ref | |
| 200–349 | 30 | 44 | 0.75 (0.54, 1.04) | 0.087 |
| 350–499 | 34 | 48 | 0.76 (0.56, 1.04) | 0.08<5 |
| ≥500 | 37 | 62 | 0.69 (0.51, 0.94) | 0.019 |
| Texas | ||||
| <200 | 432 | 187 | Ref | |
| 200–349 | 292 | 119 | 1.02 (0.95, 1.11) | 0.565 |
| 350–499 | 318 | 121 | 1.06 (0.98, 1.14) | 0.165 |
| ≥500 | 386 | 203 | 0.95 (0.88, 1.02) | 0.171 |
| Washington | ||||
| <200 | 44 | 16 | Ref | |
| 200–349 | 38 | 16 | 0.97 (0.77, 1.22) | 0.813 |
| 350–499 | 35 | 24 | 0.81 (0.63, 1.05) | 0.112 |
| ≥500 | 37 | 43 | 0.63 (0.47, 0.83) | 0.001 |
| Population of area of residence at diagnosis§ | ||||
| <500,000 | 471 | 242 | 1.04 (0.99, 1.11) | 0.145 |
| 500,000–2,499,999 | 872 | 367 | 1.12 (1.07, 1.17) | <0.001 |
| ≥2,500,000 | 2880 | 1348 | Ref |
*
aPR: adjusted prevalence ratio.
†
Other transmission category omitted due to small numbers.
‡
Unknown CD4 counts omitted due to small numbers.
§
Unknown population of area at diagnosis omitted due to small numbers.