Table 2.
Area of Involvement (Mean Positive Area) of Each Epitope According to Pathological Grades of CAVS
| Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4 | p Value for Trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apo(a) | 1.3 (n = 32) | 1.9 (n = 9) | 1.6 (n = 11) | 2.3 (n = 11) | <0.001 |
| Autotaxin | 1.0 (n = 2) | 1.0 (n = 3) | 3.0 (n = 4) | 3.6 (n = 5) | <0.0001 |
| OxPL | 0.7 (n = 32) | 2.0 (n = 8) | 2.7 (n = 11) | 2.8 (n = 11) | <0.0001 |
| MDA | 1.6 (n = 25) | 2.4 (n = 7) | 3.1 (n = 9) | 4.0 (n = 7) | <0.0001 |
n represents the number of pathological grades analyzed within each category. Some of the leaflets harbored >1 different pathological grade, which is why the numbers analyzed are different from those of leaflets/patients.
Apo(a) = apolipoprotein(a); CAVS = calcific aortic valve stenosis; MDA = malondialdehyde; OxPL = oxidized phospholipid.