Table 1.

Estimates (γ) and Standard Errors (SE) from Multi-Level Models Predicting Mothers’ Reported Warmth with Youth, N = (762)

Variables	Model 1		Model 2
	γ	SE	γ	SE
Intercept	4.15***	.04	4.14***	.04
Mother-youth warmth (T-1)	−.42***	.04	−.43***	.04
Age	−.06***	.01	−.06***	.01
Birth order	−.15***	.03	−.12***	.03
Gender (female = 0, male =1)	−.10***	.02	−.09***	.02
Sibling gender constellation	−.04	.04	−.04	.04
Sibship size	.00	.03	.00	.03
Differential affection (PDA; T-1)	.02*	.01	.03	.02
Differential discipline (PDD; T-1)	.01	.01	−.02	.01
Mother-youth discrepancy in differential affection (DDA; T-1)	−.03*	.01	−.06**	.02
Mother-youth discrepancy in differential discipline (DDD; T-1)	.00	.01	−.01	.02
Birth order X PDA			.04	.02
Birth order X PDD			.08***	.02
Birth order X DDA			.02	.03
Birth order X DDD			.03	.02
PDA X DDA			−.05**	.02
PDD X DDD			−.01	.01

^*p < .05.

^**p .01.

^***p < .001.

NOTE: T-1 signifies predictor variables measured in the year prior to the dependent variable. Controls that were not significant in any model were excluded from the tables: sibling age spacing and parents’ education. Two three-way interactions, birth order X PDA X DDA, and birth order X PDD X DDD, were tested in an additional step, but were not significant, and so they are omitted from this table.