Table 2.
Sample demographics and associations with HPA Axis BIMPS and CTQ
| Variable | N or Mean ± Std Dev | Correlation with BIMPS | Correlation with CTQ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 19.70 ± 1.24 | r= 0.10, p= 0.08 | r=−0.10, p=0.08 |
| Sex (N male) | 148 | r= 0.06, p= 0.29 | r=−0.03, p=0.58 |
| CTQ | 31.18 ± 6.69 | r= −0.04, p= 0.50 | - |
| Any Disorder (covariate used in primary analyses) | 63* | r=0.03, p=0.558 | r=0.018, p=0.752 |
| Agoraphobia without history of Panic Disorder | 6 | r= 0.063, p= 0.27 | r= 0.014, p= 0.81 |
| Alcohol Abuse | 24 | r= 0.000, p= 1.00 | r= −0.036, p= 0.53 |
| Alcohol Dependence | 20 | r= 0.031, p 0.58 | r= 0.025, p=0.66 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 0 | - | - |
| Bipolar I or II | 3 | r= 0.000, p= 1.00 | r= −0.032, p=0.58 |
| Bipolar NOS (hypomania but no depression) | 3 | r= 0.059, p= 0.30 | r= 0.190, p= 0.001* |
| Bulimia Nervosa | 2 | r= 0.096, p=0.09 | r= −0.056, 0.33 |
| Dysthymia | 0 | - | - |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder | 8 | r= 0.048, p= 0.40 | r= −0.037, p= 0.51 |
| Major Depressive Disorder | 11 | r= −0.005, p= 0.93 | r= 0.102, p= 0.07# |
| OCD | 5 | r= 0.038, p= 0.51 | r= 0.047, p= 0.42 |
| Panic Disorder (with Agoraphobia) or without | 3 | r= 0.059, p= 0.30 | r= −0.062, p= 0.28 |
| PTSD | 0 | - | - |
| Social Anxiety Disorder | 3 | r= 0.000, p= 1.00 | r= −0.037, p= 0.52 |
| Substance Abuse (cannabis) | 7 | r= −0.013, p=0.82 | r= 0.051, p= 0.37 |
| Substance Dependence (cannabis) | 5 | r= −0.030, p=0.60 | r= 0.073, p= 0.20 |
The Ns of disorders include comorbid presentations, hence the summation of these does not match the total number of individuals with at least one psychiatric disorder.
It is important to note that the significant association observed with bipolar disorder should be interpreted with caution due to the small number of individuals (n=3) with the diagnosis in our sample.
While the association between CTQ and depression was trending in a direction consistent with the literature, it was non-significant. This may be due to the limited number of individuals meeting criteria for MDD in our sample (n=11). Continuous indices of depression and anxiety (e.g., MASQ General Distress Depression and Anhedonic Depression), were consistently and significantly correlated with CTQ (GDD: r=0.243, p=<0.001; AD r=0.334 p = <0.001; GDA: r=0.148, p=0.009; AA: r=0.171, p=0.003).