Table 1.
Baseline participant characteristics*
| Variables | No Incident VF (n=4,196) |
Incident radiographic only VF (n=169) |
Incident radiographic plus clinical VF (n=28) |
P- value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline variables | ||||
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 72.8 +/− 5.4 | 74.2 +/− 6.1 | 76.5 +/− 6.5 | <0.01 |
| Race (white), n (%) | 3850 (91.8) | 157 (92.9) | 27 (96.4) | 0.58 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 27.4 +/− 3.8 | 27.0 +/− 3.7 | 26.2 +/− 4.0 | 0.08 |
| PASE score, mean ± SD | 152.1 +/− 67.3 | 140.6 +/− 67.0 | 150.7 +/− 78.0 | 0.09 |
| Self-reported health, good-excellent, n (%) | 3731 (88.9) | 147 (87.0) | 22 (78.6) | 0.17 |
| IADL impairment, n (%) | 671 (16.0) | 40 (23.7) | 9 (32.1) | <0.01 |
| Fall in past year, n (%) | 824 (19.6) | 48 (28.4) | 11 (39.3) | <0.01 |
| Lumbar spine BMD,(g/cm2), mean ± SD | 1.07 +/− 0.18 | 0.97 +/− 0.17 | 0.92 +/− 0.14 | <0.01 |
| Lumbar spine T-score, mean ± SD | −0.15 (1.67) | −1.06 (1.54) | −1.55 (1.31) | <0.01 |
| Prevalent radiographic vertebral fracture, n (%) | 256 (6.1) | 46 (27.2) | 9 (32.1) | <0.01 |
| Parental history of osteoporosis, n (%) | 370 (8.8) | 19 (11.2) | 3 (10.7) | 0.53 |
| Medications | ||||
| Osteoporosis drug use, n (%) | 60 (1.5) | 8 (5.1) | 1 (3.6) | <0.01 |
| Oral corticosteroid use, n (%) | 76 (1.9) | 3 (1.8) | 0 (0) | NC |
| Analgesic use, n (%) | 655 (16.3) | 19 (11.7) | 2 (7.1) | 0.13 |
| Back pain in 1 yr before baseline | ||||
| Any back pain, n (%) | 2820 (67.2) | 103 (61.0) | 17 (60.7) | 0.19 |
| Severe back pain, n (%) | 235 (5.6) | 9 (5.3) | 2 (7.1) | 0.46 |
| Bother by back pain most/all the time, n (%) | 533 (12.7) | 26 (15.4) | 5 (17.9) | 0.16 |
| Limited usual activities due to back pain, n (%) | 839 (20.0) | 36 (21.3) | 6 (21.4) | 0.31 |
| Visit 2 variables | ||||
| Osteoporosis drug use, n (%) | 215 (5.1) | 24 (14.3) | 11 (40.7) | <0.01 |
| Analgesic use, n (%) | 832 (19.9) | 28 (16.7) | 7 (25.9) | 0.43 |
VF = vertebral fracture; SD = standard deviation; BMI = body mass index (kg/m2); PASE = Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly; IADL = instrumental activities of daily living; BMD = bone mineral density; NC = not calculable.
*
Baseline data was missing for the following number of participants in the analysis cohort of 4,396 men: Analgesic use, 177; lumbar spine BMD, 19; BMI, 2; PASE physical activity score, 2; IADL impairment score, 2; self-reported health, 1.