Table 2.

Model output.

Predictor Variables	Response Variables
	Trips		Dives (daily means)
	Duration (Figure 4a,b)	Distance (Figure 4c,d)	Max. Depth (Figure 5a,b)	Bathy. Depth (Figure 5c,d)	Prop. Benthic (Figure 5e,f)	Duration (Figure 6a,b)	Prop. Bottom Time (Figure 6c,d)	Prop. Time Diving (Figure 6e,f)
Time	χ2 3 = 15.2, p = 0.002*	χ2 3 = 8.2, p = 0.042*	—	—	—	—	—	—
Sex	χ2 1 = 1.4, p = 0.233	—	—	—	χ2 1 = 5.2, p = 0.023*	χ2 1 = 2.5, p = 0.117	—	—
Region	χ2 1 = 66.1, p < 0.001*	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Time: Sex	χ2 3 = 3.9, p = 0.268	χ2 3 = 6.2, p = 0.1	—	—	χ2 3 = 1.1, p = 0.774	χ2 3 = 3.1, p = 0.369	χ2 3 = 3.1, p = 0.378	χ2 3 = 13.9, p = 0.003*
Time: Region	χ2 3 = 4.1, p = 0.254	χ2 3 = 3.3, p = 0.346	—	—	χ2 3 = 13.1, p = 0.004*	χ2 3 = 16.4, p < 0.001*	χ2 3 = 14.9, p = 0.002*	χ2 3 = 15, p = 0.002*
Region: Sex	χ2 1 = 2.7, p = 0.099	χ2 1 = 4.7, p = 0.03*	—	—	χ2 1 = 0.1, p = 0.767	χ2 1 = 0, p = 0.875	χ2 1 = 9.3, p = 0.002*	χ2 1 = 0.02, p = 0.885
Time: Region: Sex	χ2 3 = 0.8, p = 0.852	χ2 3 = 1.4, p = 0.708	χ2 3 = 13.6, p = 0.003*	χ2 3 = 10.4, p = 0.016*	χ2 3 = 1.3, p = 0.74	χ2 3 = 1.9, p = 0.591	χ2 3 = 7.24, p = 0.065	χ2 3 = 4.5, p = 0.215

Results of model simplification using backwards hypothesis testing with GEE-GAMs. Significant (p < 0.05) terms are shown with “*”. Interactions between variables are denoted by “:”. Where a variable was significant in an interaction, the significance of component interactions and/or individual fixed effects is not reported.