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. 2017 Nov 10;8:860. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00860

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Copyright © 2017 Maufrais, Charriere and Montani.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A–D) Left panel: time course of the changes in double product (A), contractility index (B), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) (C), and high frequency power components of RR intervals (HF_RRI) (D). Right panel: mean responses averaged over 40–60 and 100–120 min relative to baseline values and presented as a delta (i.e., average over 40–60 and 100–120 min post-drink period, respectively, minus the average over the 30 min baseline period). Drinks: water (W) , ; water + sugar (S) , ; water + vodka (V) , ; water + vodka + sugar (V+S) , . ^*p < 0.05 significant differences over time from baseline values; ^$p < 0.05 significant differences between responses to the drinks.

Inline graphic — (A–D) Left panel: time course of the changes in double product (A), contractility index (B), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) (C), and high frequency power components of RR intervals (HF_RRI) (D). Right panel: mean responses averaged over 40–60 and 100–120 min relative to baseline values and presented as a delta (i.e., average over 40–60 and 100–120 min post-drink period, respectively, minus the average over the 30 min baseline period). Drinks: water (W) , ; water + sugar (S) , ; water + vodka (V) , ; water + vodka + sugar (V+S) , . ^*p < 0.05 significant differences over time from baseline values; ^$p < 0.05 significant differences between responses to the drinks.