The proportion of papers published in 2016 in ASM journals that would be affected by a sex-reporting policy (A) and that report the sex of their animals (B) or primary cell cultures (C). The proportion of papers published in each of six ASM journals (i.e., Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, Infection and Immunity, Journal of Bacteriology, Journal of Virology, and mBio) describing nonhuman animal research or the use of primary cell cultures from either humans (e.g., peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated and tested in vitro) or nonhuman animals (e.g., bone marrow-derived cells differentiated, stimulated, and tested in vitro) was determined (A) and then evaluated for whether the papers reported the sex of their animals (B) or the donors of their cells (C) and, if so, whether only males, only females, or both sexes were used. Numbers in parentheses represent the total number of papers in each category.