FIG 5.

Nipah virus modulation of p53 activity. To investigate p53 activity in the presence of Nipah virus protein, a luciferase reporter plasmid was transfected into HCT116 cells (A to C) and A549 (D to F). Posttransfection cells were left untreated (A and D), were infected with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) (B and E), or were exposed to doxorubicin (C and F). Luciferase values for control (untreated) cells transfected with the p53 reporter and EYFP were used to normalize the data (100%; indicated by dotted lines in each panel and by the white bar panel in A). Error bars indicate the standard deviations from at least three replicates. Significance (t test) in each panel was calculated by comparison with values obtained with the Nipah virus W samples (black bar). *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ns, not significant.