Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 151 subjects according to lifetime drinking history.
| Nondrinker (n = 46) |
Light drinker (n = 70) |
Moderate drinker (n = 35) |
Crude p values | Adjusted p valuesb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 62.8 ± 10.6 | 61.2 ± 9.9 | 58.3 ± 10.4 | 0.147 | 0.167 |
| Gender (male) a | 22 (48) | 46 (66) | 28 (80) | 0.010 | 0.008 |
| Ethnicity (Caucasian) a | 28 (61) | 58 (83) | 30 (86) | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| BMI (kg/m 2) | |||||
| Male | 33.1 ± 7.5 | 34.5 ± 6.4 | 36.4 ± 0.2 | 0.170 | 0.313c |
| Female | 37.3 ± 10.3 | 39.1 ± 9.1 | 36.4 ± 8.6 | 0.519 | 0.313c |
| Girth (cm) | |||||
| Male | 115.5 ± 16.3 | 120.4 ± 16.5 | 126.2 ± 18.7 | 0.098 | 0.173c |
| Female | 119.3 ± 20.1 | 121.7 ± 17.7 | 111.6 ± 24.9 | 0.338 | 0.204c |
| Never smoker a | 36 (78) | 30 (43) | 13 (37) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Diabetic “control” | |||||
| HbA1c | 7.9 ± 1.3 | 8.0 ± 1.7 | 8.5 ± 1.6 | 0.197 | 0.515 |
| Insulin therapya | 23 (50) | 32 (46) | 22 (63) | 0.250 | 0.239 |
| DPP4/GLP1a | 9 (20) | 18 (26) | 17 (49) | 0.012 | 0.027 |
| Dyslipidemia | |||||
| Triglycerides | 2.0 ± 1.5 | 2.0 ± 1.1 | 2.8 ± 2.1 | 0.033 | 0.086 |
| Fibrate therapyd | 5 (11) | 3 (4) | 7 (20) | 0.037 | 0.044 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Ischemic heart diseasea | 10 (22) | 20 (29) | 13 (37) | 0.314 | 0.300 |
| Obstructive sleep apneaa | 8 (17) | 25 (36) | 25 (71) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Depressiona | 22 (48) | 25 (35) | 25 (71) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Respiratory diseasea | 9 (20) | 15 (21) | 10 (29) | 0.603 | 0.615 |
| Osteoarthritisa | 15 (33) | 29 (41) | 13 (37) | 0.629 | 0.487 |
Data presented continuously (mean ± standard deviation) and analyzed using one-way ANOVA, unless specified. aData presented categorically (n, %) and analyzed using Pearson's χ2 test. bAll p values adjusted for age and BMI unless specified. cAdjusted for age. dData presented categorically (n, %) and analyzed using Fisher's exact test.