Table 2.
Exploratory Factor Analysis of Parenting Scales for Urban American Indian Parents: Varimax Rotated Factor Loadings and Maximum Likelihood Estimation
| Subset 1 (N=295)
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short item wording | M (SD) | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 4 | χ2 (df) | χ2 /df | RMSEA |
| Parental self-agency (N=295) | 4.40(11), p=.95 | 0.40 | 0.00 | |||||
| Sure as parent | 4.12 (0.96) | 0.77 | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.04 | |||
| Good job as parent | 3.95 (0.97) | 0.81 | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.05 | |||
| Useless as parent† | 4.15 (1.04) | 0.57 | 0.33 | 0.07 | 0.19 | |||
| Know things helpful to parents | 3.21 (0.94) | 0.44 | 0.00 | 0.25 | −0.02 | |||
| Child gets own way† | 3.74 (0.99) | 0.22 | 0.59 | 0.22 | 0.26 | |||
| Usually give in to child† | 3.82 (0.96) | 0.13 | 0.87 | 0.13 | 0.25 | |||
| Solve most problems | 3.82 (0.94) | 0.29 | 0.15 | 0.95 | 0.19 | |||
| Keep trying until things change | 3.98 (1.07) | 0.18 | 0.12 | 0.32 | 0.01 | |||
| Child not do what I want† | 3.41 (0.96) | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.07 | 0.94 | |||
| Little I can do† | 3.59 (1.07) | 0.01 | 0.23 | 0.06 | 0.49 | |||
| Parental supervision (N=295) | 29.60(8), p=.0002 | 3.70 | 0.10 | |||||
| Set time home on school nights | 4.56 (0.96) | 0.97 | 0.24 | |||||
| Set time home on weekends | 4.46 (1.01) | 0.78 | 0.24 | |||||
| Know if time set was missed | 4.62 (0.88) | 0.22 | 0.65 | |||||
| Know what time to be home | 4.54 (0.88) | 0.37 | 0.66 | |||||
| Know what child is doing | 4.58 (0.73) | 0.12 | 0.53 | |||||
| Know who friends are | 4.34 (1.00) | 0.26 | 0.52 | |||||
| Child knows how to get in touch | 4.77 (.73) | 0.07 | 0.47 | |||||
| Positive parenting practices (N=295) | 3.61(4), p=.75 | 0.90 | 0.00 | |||||
| Give a reward | 4.03 (1.04) | 0.82 | 0.28 | |||||
| Give a special privilege | 4.01 (1.00) | 0.80 | 0.20 | |||||
| Do something special together | 4.02 (1.05) | 0.59 | 0.36 | |||||
| Give a wink or smile | 4.43 (0.82) | 0.20 | 0.71 | |||||
| Give praise or approval | 4.55 (0.72) | 0.29 | 0.79 | |||||
| Give hug, pat on back, kiss | 4.47 (0.86) | 0.31 | 0.76 | |||||
| Family cohesion (N=282) | 194.56(89), p<.0001 | 2.19 | 0.04 | |||||
| Family members share interests | 3.52 (1.17) | 0.74 | 0.23 | |||||
| Family does things together | 3.87 (1.07) | 0.77 | 0.24 | |||||
| Family spends free time together | 3.55 (1.10) | 0.69 | 0.27 | |||||
| Family feels very close to each other | 4.04 (1.18) | 0.67 | 0.29 | |||||
| Family consults on personal decisions | 3.31 (1.18) | 0.61 | −0.01 | |||||
| Family knows each other’s friends | 3.75 (1.17) | 0.64 | 0.00 | |||||
| Family goes along with decisions | 3.63 (1.05) | 0.59 | 0.21 | |||||
| Family gathers in same room together | 3.61 (1.17) | 0.64 | 0.29 | |||||
| Family approves of each other’s friends | 3.35 (1.11) | 0.57 | 0.02 | |||||
| Family is supportive in difficult times | 4.13 (1.12) | 0.58 | 0.27 | |||||
| Family is closer to outside people† | 3.55 (1.23) | 0.14 | .58 | |||||
| Family has difficulty doing things† | 3.77 (1.08) | 0.09 | 0.60 | |||||
| Family pairs up rather than together† | 3.61 (1.09) | 0.06 | 0.55 | |||||
| Family members go own way† | 3.42 (1.05) | 0.34 | 0.54 | |||||
| Family discusses problems to outside | 3.12 (1.22) | 0.03 | 0.38 | |||||
| Family avoid each other at home† | 4.06 (1.04) | 0.28 | 0.51 | |||||
| Parent–adolescent conflict (N=294) | 224.53(103), p=.001 | 2.18 | 0.06 | |||||
| We never seem to agree | 2.23 (0.75) | 0.37 | 0.09 | |||||
| My child doesn’t do what I ask | 2.30 (0.83) | 0.48 | 0.23 | |||||
| The talks we have are frustrating | 2.02 (0.89) | 0.68 | 0.26 | |||||
| My child often seems angry at me | 2.01 (0.90) | 0.66 | 0.32 | |||||
| My child acts impatient when I talk | 2.16 (0.88) | 0.69 | 0.23 | |||||
| I don’t think we get along very well | 1.61 (0.89) | 0.58 | 0.32 | |||||
| My child never understands my side | 2.19 (0.88) | 0.74 | 0.16 | |||||
| We have big arguments over little things | 1.82 (0.91) | 0.74 | 0.18 | |||||
| My child is defensive when I talk | 2.08 (0.96) | 0.71 | 0.20 | |||||
| We argue a lot about the rules | 1.96 (0.95) | 0.74 | 0.21 | |||||
| My child tells me I’m unfair | 2.19 (1.00) | 0.68 | 0.08 | |||||
| My child is easy to get along with† | 1.31 (0.50) | 0.28 | 0.57 | |||||
| My child responds well when corrected† | 1.74 (0.74) | 0.39 | 0.67 | |||||
| My child is well-behaved during talks† | 1.65 (0.68) | 0.38 | 0.62 | |||||
| My child likes to talk to me† | 1.38 (0.61) | 0.29 | 0.62 | |||||
| My child usually listens to what I say† | 1.69 (0.70) | 0.23 | 0.76 | |||||
| My child and I compromise during fights† | 2.11 (0.83) | −0.07 | 0.41 | |||||
Note. M = mean; SD = standard deviation; df = degree of freedom; RMSEA = root mean standard error of approximation.
†
Indicates reverse coded items