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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 27.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2017 Sep 27;551(7678):51–56. doi: 10.1038/nature24281

Figure 5. Two independent but overlapping modes of chromosomal 3D organization.

Figure 5

TADs (colored triangles) and Hi-C peaks disappear upon Nipbl deletion (left), unmasking a stronger and finer compartmentalization (middle) that is visible as a fragmented checkered pattern in the mutant Hi-C map relative to that of the WT and whose alternating member regions more faithfully track transcriptional activity. The resulting reduction of contact range (right) thwarts distant enhancers (ovals) from acting on their normal target genes (arrows, with colored ones indicating active genes, white ones inactive), leading them to act instead on neighboring genes or cryptic promoters located in their vicinity. The active units make up new compartmental regions (grey triangle).