Table 2.

Adjusted* regression coefficients for association between maternal dietary inflammatory index (DII, per unit change) and birth outcomes, overall and by infant sex and maternal body mass index.

	β coefficient, standard error, P-value
			Infant sex				Maternal body mass index†
	Overall (n = 766)	Male (n = 399)	Female (n = 367)	P-value‡	18.5-24.99 (n = 291)	25-29.99 (n = 197)	30+ (n = 248)	P-value‡
Continuous Outcomes								—
Birthweight (g)	-9.05, 12.68, 0.48	9.02, 16.64, 0.59	-22.35, 19.10, 0.24	0.747	-19.48, 18.83, 0.30	20.58, 26.02, 0.43	-23.31, 23.91, 0.33	0.564
Gestational age§	-0.07, 0.04, 0.14	0.09, 0.06, 0.12	-0.22, 0.07, 0.001	0.003	-0.08, 0.06, 0.14	0.01, 0.10, 0.93	-0.08, 0.09, 0.39	0.874
Binary Outcomes
Small for gestational age	0.01, 0.07, 0.89	-0.05, 0.10, 0.59	0.11, 0.10, 0.31	0.186	0.05, 0.11, 0.66	-0.12, 0.17, 0.49	0.03, 0.12, 0.81	0.555
Large for gestational age	-0.06, 0.08, 0.44	0.02, 0.12, 0.90	-0.17, 0.12, 0.16	0.187	-0.04, 0.17, 0.82	-0.09, 0.15, 0.56	0.12, 0.14, 0.38	0.211
Cesarean delivery	0.05, 0.05, 0.28	0.03, 0.07, 0.66	0.08, 0.07, 0.25	0.366	-0.14, 0.09, 0.13	0.10, 0.10, 0.33	0.17, 0.08, 0.03	0.023

^*Adjusted for maternal age at delivery, race/ethnicity, household income, and maternal cigarette smoking.

^†At last menstrual period.

^‡P for interaction (test for homogeneity)

^§Weeks at delivery