Figure 2. Dopamine suppressed cell colony formation, migration and invasion.

(A-D) Human U87MG or U251 cells were treated with dopamine at the indicated doses for the appropriate time. (A) U87MG- and U251 cell-induced colony formation was analyzed, and the colony formation rates were calculated. (B) Cell migration was also analyzed by wound-healing assay. U87MG and U251 cells were seeded in 6-well plates and grown to full confluence. Cell migration was measured, and the migration rate was calculated. (C) Dopamine inhibited glioma invasion in transwell assay. U87MG cells were plated in transwell chambers pre-coated with Matrigel. The cells that migrated to the bottom of the membrane were counted using an inverted microscope. Original magnification, 40× C. (D) The expression levels of the key proteins related to cell invasiveness were determined by western blotting. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, significant differences between the dopamine treatment and DMSO vehicle control groups).