Figure 1. Galeterone analogs VNPT-178 and VNLG-74A inhibit the proliferation of PC cell lines in vitro.

(A) Structures of galeterone, VNPT-178, and VNLG-74A. (B) MTT viability analysis of the antiproliferative actions of VNPT-178 and VNLG-74A compared to abiraterone, enzalutamide, and galeterone in LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells. Plots represent mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments and the estimated GI₅₀ and GI₉₀ values are summarized in the table below. (C-D) 22Rv1 colony formation is inhibited by 5 μM treatments of both VNPT-178 and VNLG-74A. Colonies were stained with crystal violet (C) and the mean number and area of the colonies within three independent treatment groups were compared to those of vehicle controls (D).