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. 2017 Nov 15;7:15610. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-15820-9

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Schematic summary of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) production pathways. The figure illustrates the integration of metabolic pathways contributing to the production of sulfite. The metabolism of sulfur in P5 includes the assimilation of inorganic sulfate and the mineralization of organic taurine and sulfonates. The ABC-type transportation system includes a periplasmic binding protein as well as cysPUWA for sulfate, TauABC for taurine and ssuABC for alkanesulfonate transportation. Inorganic sulfite is a common point among four pathways, including 1) sulfate-APS-PAPS, 2) L-cysteine-3-mercaptopyruvate-thiosulfate-sulfite, 3) taurine-sulfite, and 4) alkanesulfonate-sulfite. Sulfite is then reduced to sulfide by cysIJ.