Overexpression of Pax6 enhances neurogenesis and suppresses astrogliogenesis in the developing hippocampus. A, Schematic showing in utero electroporation at E15 and harvesting the brains at postnatal day 2 (P2). B, F, Schematic summarizing the results of Lhx2 overexpression (F) by in utero electroporation at E15, which results in enhanced neurogenesis and reduced gliogenesis, compared with control GFP electroporation (B). F, G, Pax6 overexpression (G) appears to mimic Lhx2 overexpression (F). C–E, G–I, High-magnification images displaying GFAP (red) and GFP (green) expression reveals neurons (D, H) and astrocytes (E, I) alongside their corresponding low-magnification images (C, G). J, Bar graph showing the percentage of GFP-expressing cells that coexpress GFAP. Control GFP electroporation results in 35% astrogliogenesis, which is suppressed to 10% upon Lhx2 overexpression (Subramanian et al., 2011) and 20% upon Pax6 overexpression. Images in C and G are stitched composites of multiple frames. Scale bars: C, G, 100 μm; D, E, H, I, 15 μm. *p < 0.05.