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. 2017 Nov 9;5(21):e13488. doi: 10.14814/phy2.13488

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© 2017 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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(A) An experimental setup. (B) Measurements of bilateral prefrontal oxygenation with near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and forehead, left cheek, and right hand skin blood flow with laser Doppler flowmetry. (C) An example of two‐dimensional laser speckle measurements of regional facial skin blood flow in seven different facial regions [right (1) and left (2) infraorbital, right (3) and left (4) cheek, subnasal (5), lips (6), and chin (7)]. (D) Protocols about emotionally charged audiovisual stimulation. The subjective ratings of pleasantness and consciousness were asked immediately after each bout of the emotional stimulations as shown by arrows (↓).