Table 2.
Demographic characteristics of individuals with type 2 diabetes according to latent class
| Characteristics | Overall | Class 1 | Class 2 | Class 3 | Class 4 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 1504 (100) | 890 (59.2) | 60 (4.0) | 125 (8.3) | 429 (28.5) | |
| Age (years) | 63 (13) | 63 (12) | 63 (10) | 60 (13) | 64 (13) | 0.019 |
| Age groups (years) | ||||||
| < 45 | 70 (4.6) | 38 (4.3) | 2 (3.3) | 6 (4.8) | 24 (5.6) | 0.707 |
| 45–64 | 787 (52.3) | 477 (53.6) | 35 (58.3) | 83 (66.4) | 192 (44.8) | 0.001 |
| ≥ 65 | 647 (43.0) | 375 (42.1) | 23 (38.3) | 36 (28.8) | 213 (49.7) | 0.002 |
| Sex (males) | 741 (49.3) | 436 (49.0) | 33 (55.0) | 109 (87.2) | 163 (38.0) | < 0.001 |
| BMI groups | ||||||
| Normal | 432 (29.0) | 264 (30.0) | 14 (23.3) | 32 (26.0) | 122 (28.4) | 0.574 |
| Overweight | 713 (47.8) | 438 (49.8) | 29 (48.3) | 62 (50.4) | 184 (42.9) | 0.176 |
| Obesity | 346 (23.2) | 177 (20.1) | 17 (28.3) | 29 (23.6) | 123 (28.7) | 0.003 |
| WC | 89 (14) | 88.5 (13.2) | 91.5 (11.7) | 92.0 (13.5) | 89.0 (17.0) | 0.001 |
| Abdominal obesity | 894 (59.4) | 512 (57.5) | 45 (75.0) | 80 (64.0) | 257 (59.9) | 0.037 |
Data were expressed as medians (IQR) or n (%)
P values for the difference between subgroups were calculated with the Kruskal-Wallis test or chi-square test, as appropriate
Bold values indicate major characteristics
BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, Class 1 healthy behavioral group, Class 2 unhealthy diet and less activity group, Class 3 smoking and drinking group; Class 4 sedentary and extremely inactive group