Table 3.

A comparison of the markers of neoendothelialization before and after transcatheter ASD closure

	Before	After	P
PDGF, pg/mL	0.091±0.09	0.150±0.05 (0–0.48)	0.003* (0.06–0.36)
TGF-β1, pg/mL	0.150±0.23	0.269±0.26 (0.02–1.13)	0.032* (0.02–1.0)
IL-1α, pg/mL	0.015±0.01	0.014±0.01 (0–0.04)	0.573 (0–0.6)
VEGF, pg/mL	0.130±0.16	0.531±0.41 (0.05–0.86)	0.001* (0.06–1.6)
FGF-2, pg/mL	0.175±0.20	0.308±0.20 (0–0.88)	0.005* (0–0.77)
MMP-9, pg/mL	0.105±0.12	0.097±0.03 (0.04–0.91)	0.671 (0.02–0.16)
FGF-1, pg/mL	0.141±0.13	0.131±0.13 (0–0.67)	0.674 (0.02–0.68)

FGF - fibroblast growth factor; MMP-9 - matrix metalloproteinase-9, PDGF - platelet-derived growth factor; TGF-β1 - transforming growth factors β1; IL-1α - interleukin-1α; VEGF - vascular endothelial growth factor;

^*statistically significant