Table 4.

Comparison of the markers with respect to the Amplatzer, Lifetech CeraFlex, and Occlutech Figulla Flex II devices before and after transcatheter ASD closure

Parameters	Atrial septal occluders			P
	Amplatzer	Lifetech CeraFlex	Occlutech Figulla Flex II
PDGF, pg/mL
Before	0.079±0.11	0.076±0.04	0.117±0.11	0.469
After	0.134±0.03	0.145±0.05	0.171±0.07	0.207
TGF-β1, pg/mL
Before	0.109±0.13	0.114±0.09	0.223±0.36	0.324
After	0.286±0.25	0.225±0.26	0.295±0.27	0.748
IL-1α, pg/mL
Before	0.016±0.01	0.016±0.01	0.014±0.01	0.731
After	0.013±0.01	0.017±0.01	0.012±0.01	0.448
VEGF, pg/mL
Before	0.101±0.09	0.076±0.02	0.209±0.24	0.058
After	0.444±0.43	0.591±0.43	0.563±0.38	0.601
FGF-2, pg/mL
Before	0.165±0.19	0.124±0.12	0.232±0.27	0.378
After	0.341±0.21	0.328±0.19	0.256±0.21	0.499
MMP-9, pg/mL
Before	0.080±0.03	0.140±0.22	0.097±0.03	0.436
After	0.097±0.02	0.094±0.03	0.099±0.03	0.908
FGF-1, pg/mL
Before	0.144±0.14	0.129±0.09	0.148±0.15	0.926
After	0.138±0.10	0.120±0.10	0.135±0.18	0.935

FGF - fibroblast growth factor; MMP-9 - matrix metalloproteinase-9, PDGF - platelet-derived growth factor; TGF-β1 - transforming growth factor-β1; IL-1α - interleukin-1α; VEGF - vascular endothelial growth factor