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. 2015 Oct 19;15(3):376–389. doi: 10.1177/1534735415611747

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© The Author(s) 2015

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 2. — Bitter melon extract (BME) inhibits ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion. (A) Wound healing assays demonstrating that there was a marked retardation in wound closure rate of SKOV3 cells treated with 5% and 10% (v/v) Chinese BME compared with untreated controls over a time course of 12 hours (*P ≤ .001). The width of the wound is indicated by arrows in the photographs; 3 independent experiments were performed. (B) Transwell migration assay showed that SKOV3 cells with Chinese BME treatment (5% and 10%) exhibited a significant reduction in the number of cells penetrating through the membrane as compared with untreated controls (*P ≤ .001). (C) SKOV3 cells treated with Chinese BME (10%) showed less invaded cells through the matrigel as compared with the control (*P = .0006). The numbers of migrated or invaded cells in 3 randomly chosen fields were counted for 3 independent experiments, and the normalized numerical data were presented in bar charts with error bars.