Figure 6.

Efficacy of oral insulin formulations in lowering blood glucose levels in nondiabetic rats. Percent reduction in blood glucose levels with time after administration of various formulations in nondiabetic rats. Animals were fasted prior to and during the 8 hr period of study. Oral administration of empty patches (0 U/kg insulin, blue closed circles); insulin patches (50 U/kg insulin, red closed squares); insulin and PPS patches (50 U/kg insulin and ∼.6 mg PPS/animal, green closed triangles); insulin patch and PPS externally placed in capsules (50 U/kg insulin and 5 mg PPS/animal, magenta closed inverted triangles); and subcutaneous insulin injection (1 U/kg insulin, orange closed rhombus) were performed. Blood from tail vein was analyzed for glucose content for 8 hr and data are plotted as percent reduction in blood glucose as compared to baseline (0 hr) glucose levels. Data represented as mean ± SE (n = 6). Insulin and Insulin‐PPS devices showed statistically significant difference compared to all other oral control groups (p < .05)