Table 4.
Multivariable Multinomial Logistic Regression Associations between Covariates and Drinking Category among U.S. 12th Grade Alcohol Users, 2005–2016
| Model 1a | Model 2b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||
| <5 Drinks [vs. 5–9] | 10–14 Drinks [vs. 5–9] | 15+ Drinks [vs. 5–9] | 10–14 Drinks [vs. 15+] | |
| ARR (95% CI) p | ARR (95% CI) p | ARR (95% CI) p | ARR (95% CI) p | |
|
|
|
|||
| Gender (referent = female) | 0.71 (0.63, 0.80) *** | 2.14 (1.76, 2.60) *** | 3.62 (2.96, 4.42) *** | 0.59 (0.46, 0.76) *** |
| Race (referent = White) | ||||
| Black | 1.75 (1.36, 2.25) *** | 0.81 (0.49, 1.33) | 0.65 (0.40, 1.05) | 1.25 (0.71, 2.21) |
| Hispanic | 1.15 (0.96, 1.39) | 0.74 (0.54, 1.00) | 0.98 (0.70, 1.35) | 0.76 (0.52, 1.10) |
| Other race | 1.46 (1.21, 1.76) *** | 0.72 (0.51, 1.02) | 1.07 (0.77, 1.49) | 0.68 (0.46, 0.99) * |
| Parent education (referent = no college) | 0.90 (0.77, 1.04) | 0.90 (0.72, 1.12) | 0.71 (0.56, 0.88) ** | 1.27 (0.99, 1.64) |
| Average high school grades | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) | 0.98 (0.94, 1.03) | 1.02 (0.96, 1.08) | 0.96 (0.91, 1.02) |
| Days cut school | 0.96 (0.92, 1.00) * | 0.99 (0.94, 1.06) | 1.11 (1.05, 1.17) *** | 0.90 (0.84, 0.96) ** |
| Evenings out | 0.89 (0.85, 0.92) *** | 1.05 (0.97, 1.13) | 1.05 (0.98, 1.13) | 1.00 (0.91, 1.09) |
| Friends drunk | 0.72 (0.69, 0.76) *** | 1.23 (1.12, 1.35) *** | 1.39 (1.26, 1.54) *** | 0.88 (0.79, 0.99) * |
| Urbanicity (referent = Urban) | ||||
| Rural | 1.21 (1.02, 1.43) * | 1.26 (0.99, 1.61) | 1.41 (1.09, 1.83) ** | 0.89 (0.66, 1.20) |
| Suburban | 0.99 (0.87, 1.13) | 0.99 (0.81, 1.21) | 1.00 (0.82, 1.23) | 0.99 (0.78, 1.25) |
| Region (referent = South) | ||||
| Midwest | 0.99 (0.84, 1.16) | 1.10 (0.87, 1.39) | 1.23 (0.96, 1.56) | 0.89 (0.68, 1.17) |
| Northeast | 0.96 (0.82, 1.12) | 1.14 (0.91, 1.42) | 0.80 (0.64, 1.00) * | 1.43 (1.09, 1.87) * |
| West | 0.94 (0.80, 1.10) | 0.97 (0.73, 1.29) | 0.66 (0.50, 0.87) ** | 1.48 (1.07, 2.05) * |
| Year (linear term)b | 1.02 (1.00, 1.03) | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02) | 1.01 (0.98, 1.04) | 0.98 (0.95, 1.02) |
| Year (quadratic term)c | 1.00 (1.00, 1.01) | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) * | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) |
Notes: N (unweighted) = 16,902. ARR = adjusted relative risk ratio; CI = confidence interval. Models simultaneously controlled for all reasons and contexts (estimates provided in Table 3), as well as listed covariates and missing data indicators (estimates for missing data indicators not shown).
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
***
p<0.001.
a
Model 1 results use 5–9 drinks as the base class.
b
Model 2 results use 15+ drinks as the base class to enable comparison of the likelihoods of 10–14 versus 15+ drinks by reason/context endorsement.